Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework
Self-harm has become one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. The overall rate for suicide in Canada is 11.3 per 100,000 according to Statistics Canada in 2015. Between 2000 and 2007 the lowest rates of suicide in Canada were in Ontario, one of the most urbanized regions in Can...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Data |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/5/1/9 |
| _version_ | 1798034482878480384 |
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| author | Eric Vaz Richard Ross Shaker Michael D. Cusimano Luis Loures Jamal Jokar Arsanjani |
| author_facet | Eric Vaz Richard Ross Shaker Michael D. Cusimano Luis Loures Jamal Jokar Arsanjani |
| author_sort | Eric Vaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Self-harm has become one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. The overall rate for suicide in Canada is 11.3 per 100,000 according to Statistics Canada in 2015. Between 2000 and 2007 the lowest rates of suicide in Canada were in Ontario, one of the most urbanized regions in Canada. However, the interaction between land use, landscape and self-harm has not been significantly studied for urban cores. It is thus of relevance to understand the impacts of land-use and landscape on suicidal behavior. This paper takes a spatial analytical approach to assess the occurrence of self-harm along one of the densest urban cores in the country: Toronto. Individual self-harm data was gathered by the National Ambulatory Care System (NACRS) and geocoded into census tract divisions. Toronto’s urban landscape is quantified at spatial level through the calculation of its land use at different levels: (i) land use type, (ii) sprawl metrics relating to (a) dispersion and (b) sprawl/mix incidence; (iii) fragmentation metrics of (a) urban fragmentation and (b) density and (iv) demographics of (a) income and (b) age. A stepwise regression is built to understand the most influential factors leading to self-harm from this selection generating an explanatory model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:44:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfa725740d0b4202abffe269fe098ff9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:44:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Data |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfa725740d0b4202abffe269fe098ff92022-12-22T04:04:05ZengMDPI AGData2306-57292020-01-0151910.3390/data5010009data5010009Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities FrameworkEric Vaz0Richard Ross Shaker1Michael D. Cusimano2Luis Loures3Jamal Jokar Arsanjani4Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, CanadaDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, CanadaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, CanadaResearch Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre (IPP), 7300-110 Portalegre, PortugalGeoinformatics Research Group, Department of Planning and Development, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, DK-2450 Copenhagen, DenmarkSelf-harm has become one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. The overall rate for suicide in Canada is 11.3 per 100,000 according to Statistics Canada in 2015. Between 2000 and 2007 the lowest rates of suicide in Canada were in Ontario, one of the most urbanized regions in Canada. However, the interaction between land use, landscape and self-harm has not been significantly studied for urban cores. It is thus of relevance to understand the impacts of land-use and landscape on suicidal behavior. This paper takes a spatial analytical approach to assess the occurrence of self-harm along one of the densest urban cores in the country: Toronto. Individual self-harm data was gathered by the National Ambulatory Care System (NACRS) and geocoded into census tract divisions. Toronto’s urban landscape is quantified at spatial level through the calculation of its land use at different levels: (i) land use type, (ii) sprawl metrics relating to (a) dispersion and (b) sprawl/mix incidence; (iii) fragmentation metrics of (a) urban fragmentation and (b) density and (iv) demographics of (a) income and (b) age. A stepwise regression is built to understand the most influential factors leading to self-harm from this selection generating an explanatory model.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/5/1/9self-harmspatial analysislandscape impactscanada |
| spellingShingle | Eric Vaz Richard Ross Shaker Michael D. Cusimano Luis Loures Jamal Jokar Arsanjani Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework Data self-harm spatial analysis landscape impacts canada |
| title | Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework |
| title_full | Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework |
| title_fullStr | Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework |
| title_short | Does Land Use and Landscape Contribute to Self-Harm? A Sustainability Cities Framework |
| title_sort | does land use and landscape contribute to self harm a sustainability cities framework |
| topic | self-harm spatial analysis landscape impacts canada |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/5/1/9 |
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