Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China
Grazing impacts soil enzyme activities by changing soil conditions and microbial functions. Yet, the specific effects of grazing on soil enzymes in different northeastern China forest-steppe vegetation types remain poorly understood. To examine this, catalase (CA), urease (UA), and cellulase (CEA) a...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/12/2292 |
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| author | Long Wang Zhiqing Jia Qingxue Li Lingxianzi He Jiapeng Tian Wei Ding Tao Liu Ya Gao Jiapeng Zhang Dong Han Hui Tian |
| author_facet | Long Wang Zhiqing Jia Qingxue Li Lingxianzi He Jiapeng Tian Wei Ding Tao Liu Ya Gao Jiapeng Zhang Dong Han Hui Tian |
| author_sort | Long Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Grazing impacts soil enzyme activities by changing soil conditions and microbial functions. Yet, the specific effects of grazing on soil enzymes in different northeastern China forest-steppe vegetation types remain poorly understood. To examine this, catalase (CA), urease (UA), and cellulase (CEA) activities were measured in different vegetation types (NS, MF, CP, GL) under both grazing and non-grazing conditions. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC and MBN) and other soil factors were also studied to gauge their impact on enzyme activities. The results indicated that enzyme activities were influenced by grazing, soil nutrient levels, mineralization, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content. Grazing exerted the most significant influence on UA. CEA was predominantly affected by the content of biomass nitrogen and soil mineralization. CA, on the other hand, was primarily influenced by soil nutrient levels. Grazing influenced enzyme activities differently based on vegetation type. Under grazing, CA showed higher values in NS, MF, CP, and GL (4.09, 2.42, 3.26, and 3.90 mL 0.1 mol L<sup>−1</sup> KMnO<sub>4</sub> g<sup>−1</sup> soil 20 min<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) with increases ranging from 32.52% to 505.00% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, UA values were significantly higher in MF and CP (0.24 and 0.59 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N g<sup>−1</sup> soil d<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) with increases of 66.67% and 156.00%, while UA and CEA were lower in GL, showing reductions of 78.79% and 166.67% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) (0.33 NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N g<sup>−1</sup> soil d<sup>−1</sup> and 0.06 mg glucose g<sup>−1</sup> soil 72 h<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) under grazing conditions. These findings underscore the importance of vegetation types in the grazing effects on soil enzymes at the forest-steppe ecotone and suggest that further efforts should be made to strengthen grassland grazing management to mitigate negative impacts on soil environmental health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:46:11Z |
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| id | doaj.art-dfb17fd750794d5da14b1462ea1231fc |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:46:11Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-dfb17fd750794d5da14b1462ea1231fc2023-12-22T14:09:16ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-11-011412229210.3390/f14122292Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern ChinaLong Wang0Zhiqing Jia1Qingxue Li2Lingxianzi He3Jiapeng Tian4Wei Ding5Tao Liu6Ya Gao7Jiapeng Zhang8Dong Han9Hui Tian10Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaQinghai Gonghe Desert Ecosystem and Research Station, Gonghe 813005, ChinaQinghai Gonghe Desert Ecosystem and Research Station, Gonghe 813005, ChinaInner Mongolia Baiyin Obo Forest Farm, Chifeng 025369, ChinaInner Mongolia Baiyin Obo Forest Farm, Chifeng 025369, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaGrazing impacts soil enzyme activities by changing soil conditions and microbial functions. Yet, the specific effects of grazing on soil enzymes in different northeastern China forest-steppe vegetation types remain poorly understood. To examine this, catalase (CA), urease (UA), and cellulase (CEA) activities were measured in different vegetation types (NS, MF, CP, GL) under both grazing and non-grazing conditions. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC and MBN) and other soil factors were also studied to gauge their impact on enzyme activities. The results indicated that enzyme activities were influenced by grazing, soil nutrient levels, mineralization, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content. Grazing exerted the most significant influence on UA. CEA was predominantly affected by the content of biomass nitrogen and soil mineralization. CA, on the other hand, was primarily influenced by soil nutrient levels. Grazing influenced enzyme activities differently based on vegetation type. Under grazing, CA showed higher values in NS, MF, CP, and GL (4.09, 2.42, 3.26, and 3.90 mL 0.1 mol L<sup>−1</sup> KMnO<sub>4</sub> g<sup>−1</sup> soil 20 min<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) with increases ranging from 32.52% to 505.00% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, UA values were significantly higher in MF and CP (0.24 and 0.59 mg NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N g<sup>−1</sup> soil d<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) with increases of 66.67% and 156.00%, while UA and CEA were lower in GL, showing reductions of 78.79% and 166.67% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) (0.33 NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N g<sup>−1</sup> soil d<sup>−1</sup> and 0.06 mg glucose g<sup>−1</sup> soil 72 h<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) under grazing conditions. These findings underscore the importance of vegetation types in the grazing effects on soil enzymes at the forest-steppe ecotone and suggest that further efforts should be made to strengthen grassland grazing management to mitigate negative impacts on soil environmental health.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/12/2292grazing effectscatalaseureasecellulasemicrobial biomass |
| spellingShingle | Long Wang Zhiqing Jia Qingxue Li Lingxianzi He Jiapeng Tian Wei Ding Tao Liu Ya Gao Jiapeng Zhang Dong Han Hui Tian Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China Forests grazing effects catalase urease cellulase microbial biomass |
| title | Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China |
| title_full | Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China |
| title_fullStr | Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China |
| title_short | Grazing Impacts on Soil Enzyme Activities Vary with Vegetation Types in the Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Northeastern China |
| title_sort | grazing impacts on soil enzyme activities vary with vegetation types in the forest steppe ecotone of northeastern china |
| topic | grazing effects catalase urease cellulase microbial biomass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/12/2292 |
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