Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency
Weather conditions in the southwestern United States are variable and influence crop growing periods with late spring and early fall frosts which significantly impact cropping seasons. With the development of new maize hybrids, grain yield, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency can be substan...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Challenges |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021003917 |
| _version_ | 1829488436775485440 |
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| author | Koffi Djaman Samuel Allen Dorlote S. Djaman Komlan Koudahe Suat Irmak Naveen Puppala Murali K. Darapuneni Sangamesh V. Angadi |
| author_facet | Koffi Djaman Samuel Allen Dorlote S. Djaman Komlan Koudahe Suat Irmak Naveen Puppala Murali K. Darapuneni Sangamesh V. Angadi |
| author_sort | Koffi Djaman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Weather conditions in the southwestern United States are variable and influence crop growing periods with late spring and early fall frosts which significantly impact cropping seasons. With the development of new maize hybrids, grain yield, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency can be substantially impacted by planting density and planting date. Thus, the optimum plant density and planting date for maximum grain yield must be determined for local conditions. Field experiments were conducted at NMSU Agricultural Science Center in Farmington to evaluate six plant densities (54,700; 64,600; 74,600, 88,000; 101,700; and 120,100 pph) under seven planting dates (from April 23 to June 5 in 2019 and from April 21 to June 10 in 2020) to determine the planting window and the optimum density. Plots were sprinkler irrigated and crop management was similar across all planting dates during the two growing seasons. The results showed that crop height and leaf area index varied with plant density and planting date. Grain yield also varied with plant density and planting date. The highest grain yield (16.8 Mg ha−1) was observed under the density 101,700 pph which showed statistically similar yield as the density 88,000 pph and the first planting trended to provide the best grain yield in 2019. In 2020, the highest grain yield (17Mg ha−1) was obtained under the density 88,000 pph on May 18 planting date. Plant density 88,000 pph was revealed as the optimum density that maximized grain yield and WUE and maize planting after May 25 is not recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:49:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfbafe96f1234b229178c2ac639fb904 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-0100 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:49:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Challenges |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfbafe96f1234b229178c2ac639fb9042022-12-21T22:43:17ZengElsevierEnvironmental Challenges2667-01002022-01-016100417Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiencyKoffi Djaman0Samuel Allen1Dorlote S. Djaman2Komlan Koudahe3Suat Irmak4Naveen Puppala5Murali K. Darapuneni6Sangamesh V. Angadi7Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Science Center at Farmington, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 1018, Farmington, NM 87499, United States; Corresponding author.Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Science Center at Farmington, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 1018, Farmington, NM 87499, United StatesFormer Master Thesis Intern in the Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Science Center at Farmington, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 1018, Farmington, NM 87499, United StatesBiological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Kansas State University, 1016 Seaton Hall 920N. Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Manhattan, KS 66506, United StatesAgricultural and Biological Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University, 105A Agricultural Engineering Building, Shortlidge Road, University Park, PA 16802, United StatesDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Science Center at Clovis, New Mexico State University, 2346 State Rd. 288, Clovis, NM 88101, United StatesDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Science Center at Tucumcari, 6502 Quay Rd. AM 5, Tucumcari, NM 88401, United StatesDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Science Center at Clovis, New Mexico State University, 2346 State Rd. 288, Clovis, NM 88101, United StatesWeather conditions in the southwestern United States are variable and influence crop growing periods with late spring and early fall frosts which significantly impact cropping seasons. With the development of new maize hybrids, grain yield, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency can be substantially impacted by planting density and planting date. Thus, the optimum plant density and planting date for maximum grain yield must be determined for local conditions. Field experiments were conducted at NMSU Agricultural Science Center in Farmington to evaluate six plant densities (54,700; 64,600; 74,600, 88,000; 101,700; and 120,100 pph) under seven planting dates (from April 23 to June 5 in 2019 and from April 21 to June 10 in 2020) to determine the planting window and the optimum density. Plots were sprinkler irrigated and crop management was similar across all planting dates during the two growing seasons. The results showed that crop height and leaf area index varied with plant density and planting date. Grain yield also varied with plant density and planting date. The highest grain yield (16.8 Mg ha−1) was observed under the density 101,700 pph which showed statistically similar yield as the density 88,000 pph and the first planting trended to provide the best grain yield in 2019. In 2020, the highest grain yield (17Mg ha−1) was obtained under the density 88,000 pph on May 18 planting date. Plant density 88,000 pph was revealed as the optimum density that maximized grain yield and WUE and maize planting after May 25 is not recommended.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021003917MaizeDensityPlanting dateSprinkler irrigationYieldWater use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Koffi Djaman Samuel Allen Dorlote S. Djaman Komlan Koudahe Suat Irmak Naveen Puppala Murali K. Darapuneni Sangamesh V. Angadi Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency Environmental Challenges Maize Density Planting date Sprinkler irrigation Yield Water use efficiency |
| title | Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency |
| title_full | Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency |
| title_fullStr | Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency |
| title_short | Planting date and plant density effects on maize growth, yield and water use efficiency |
| title_sort | planting date and plant density effects on maize growth yield and water use efficiency |
| topic | Maize Density Planting date Sprinkler irrigation Yield Water use efficiency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021003917 |
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