Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank
Abstract Background Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is becoming increasingly common in patients with hypertension, and it is well established that healthy lifestyle plays a key role in the prevention of hypertension. However, the association between combined lifestyle factors and CMM in patient...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01632-3 |
| _version_ | 1797998617912410112 |
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| author | Hejian Xie Jinchen Li Xuanmeng Zhu Jing Li Jinghua Yin Tianqi Ma Yi Luo Lingfang He Yongping Bai Guogang Zhang Xunjie Cheng Chuanchang Li |
| author_facet | Hejian Xie Jinchen Li Xuanmeng Zhu Jing Li Jinghua Yin Tianqi Ma Yi Luo Lingfang He Yongping Bai Guogang Zhang Xunjie Cheng Chuanchang Li |
| author_sort | Hejian Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is becoming increasingly common in patients with hypertension, and it is well established that healthy lifestyle plays a key role in the prevention of hypertension. However, the association between combined lifestyle factors and CMM in patients with hypertension is uncertain. Methods This prospective analysis included the data (obtained from the UK biobank) of participants with hypertension who did not have coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, or diabetes. The outcome was the occurrence of CMM, defined as ≥ 1 disease of CHD, stroke, and diabetes that occurred in participants with hypertension. Four lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and physical activity) were assessed using a weighted healthy lifestyle score, and participants were divided into four groups: the very unhealthy, unhealthy, healthy, and very healthy groups. The flexible parameter Royston-Parmar proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) between lifestyles and CMM, as well as the difference in CMM-free life expectancy. Results During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, 9812 (18.4%) of the 53,397 hypertensive patients occurred CMM. Compared with the very unhealthy group, the very healthy group had a 41% reduction in the risk for CMM in hypertensive patients and a 32–50% reduction in the risk for specific cardiometabolic diseases such as CHD, stroke, and diabetes. For each lifestyle factor, non-smoking had the greatest protective effect against CMM (HR: 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–0.68). A lifestyle combining multiple healthy factors extended CMM-free life expectancy (e.g., six years longer at age 45 years for participants in the very healthy group). Conclusions Combined healthy lifestyle factors were associated with a lower risk for CMM in hypertensive patients. This suggests that combined healthy lifestyle should be supported to decrease disease burden. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:50:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfc2ff7b998746ad8c88b8d9bb5f5d98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2840 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:50:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfc2ff7b998746ad8c88b8d9bb5f5d982022-12-22T04:28:55ZengBMCCardiovascular Diabetology1475-28402022-10-0121111210.1186/s12933-022-01632-3Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK BiobankHejian Xie0Jinchen Li1Xuanmeng Zhu2Jing Li3Jinghua Yin4Tianqi Ma5Yi Luo6Lingfang He7Yongping Bai8Guogang Zhang9Xunjie Cheng10Chuanchang Li11Department of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityAbstract Background Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is becoming increasingly common in patients with hypertension, and it is well established that healthy lifestyle plays a key role in the prevention of hypertension. However, the association between combined lifestyle factors and CMM in patients with hypertension is uncertain. Methods This prospective analysis included the data (obtained from the UK biobank) of participants with hypertension who did not have coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, or diabetes. The outcome was the occurrence of CMM, defined as ≥ 1 disease of CHD, stroke, and diabetes that occurred in participants with hypertension. Four lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and physical activity) were assessed using a weighted healthy lifestyle score, and participants were divided into four groups: the very unhealthy, unhealthy, healthy, and very healthy groups. The flexible parameter Royston-Parmar proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) between lifestyles and CMM, as well as the difference in CMM-free life expectancy. Results During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, 9812 (18.4%) of the 53,397 hypertensive patients occurred CMM. Compared with the very unhealthy group, the very healthy group had a 41% reduction in the risk for CMM in hypertensive patients and a 32–50% reduction in the risk for specific cardiometabolic diseases such as CHD, stroke, and diabetes. For each lifestyle factor, non-smoking had the greatest protective effect against CMM (HR: 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–0.68). A lifestyle combining multiple healthy factors extended CMM-free life expectancy (e.g., six years longer at age 45 years for participants in the very healthy group). Conclusions Combined healthy lifestyle factors were associated with a lower risk for CMM in hypertensive patients. This suggests that combined healthy lifestyle should be supported to decrease disease burden.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01632-3Cardiometabolic multimorbidityHealthy lifestyleHypertensionCoronary heart diseaseStrokeDiabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Hejian Xie Jinchen Li Xuanmeng Zhu Jing Li Jinghua Yin Tianqi Ma Yi Luo Lingfang He Yongping Bai Guogang Zhang Xunjie Cheng Chuanchang Li Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank Cardiovascular Diabetology Cardiometabolic multimorbidity Healthy lifestyle Hypertension Coronary heart disease Stroke Diabetes mellitus |
| title | Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank |
| title_full | Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank |
| title_fullStr | Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank |
| title_short | Association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank |
| title_sort | association between healthy lifestyle and the occurrence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in hypertensive patients a prospective cohort study of uk biobank |
| topic | Cardiometabolic multimorbidity Healthy lifestyle Hypertension Coronary heart disease Stroke Diabetes mellitus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01632-3 |
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