Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19
The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exacted a disproportionate toll on cancer patients. The effects of anticancer treatments and cancer patients’ characteristics shared significant responsibilities for this dismal outcome; however, the underlying immunopathological mechanis...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2628 |
| _version_ | 1827651414767173632 |
|---|---|
| author | Letizia Vitali Alessandra Merlini Federica Galvagno Alessia Proment Dario Sangiolo |
| author_facet | Letizia Vitali Alessandra Merlini Federica Galvagno Alessia Proment Dario Sangiolo |
| author_sort | Letizia Vitali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exacted a disproportionate toll on cancer patients. The effects of anticancer treatments and cancer patients’ characteristics shared significant responsibilities for this dismal outcome; however, the underlying immunopathological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Indeed, despite their different etiologies, SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer unexpectedly share relevant immunobiological connections. In the pathogenesis and natural history of both conditions, there emerges the centrality of the immune response, orchestrating the timed appearance, functional and dysfunctional roles of multiple effectors in acute and chronic phases. A significant number (more than 600) of observational and interventional studies have explored the interconnections between COVID-19 and cancer, focusing on aspects as diverse as psychological implications and prognostic factors, with more than 4000 manuscripts published so far. In this review, we reported and discussed the dynamic behavior of the main cytokines and immune system signaling pathways involved in acute vs. early, and chronic vs. advanced stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer. We highlighted the biological similarities and active connections within these dynamic disease scenarios, exploring and speculating on possible therapeutic crossroads from one setting to the other. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:38:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfd425b38fb74cd39d66c5c73b36f734 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:38:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfd425b38fb74cd39d66c5c73b36f7342023-11-23T23:06:11ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-10-011010262810.3390/biomedicines10102628Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19Letizia Vitali0Alessandra Merlini1Federica Galvagno2Alessia Proment3Dario Sangiolo4Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, ItalyCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, ItalyCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, ItalyCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, ItalyCandiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, ItalyThe outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exacted a disproportionate toll on cancer patients. The effects of anticancer treatments and cancer patients’ characteristics shared significant responsibilities for this dismal outcome; however, the underlying immunopathological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Indeed, despite their different etiologies, SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer unexpectedly share relevant immunobiological connections. In the pathogenesis and natural history of both conditions, there emerges the centrality of the immune response, orchestrating the timed appearance, functional and dysfunctional roles of multiple effectors in acute and chronic phases. A significant number (more than 600) of observational and interventional studies have explored the interconnections between COVID-19 and cancer, focusing on aspects as diverse as psychological implications and prognostic factors, with more than 4000 manuscripts published so far. In this review, we reported and discussed the dynamic behavior of the main cytokines and immune system signaling pathways involved in acute vs. early, and chronic vs. advanced stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer. We highlighted the biological similarities and active connections within these dynamic disease scenarios, exploring and speculating on possible therapeutic crossroads from one setting to the other.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2628COVID-19SARS-CoV-2cancerimmunityimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Letizia Vitali Alessandra Merlini Federica Galvagno Alessia Proment Dario Sangiolo Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19 Biomedicines COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 cancer immunity immunotherapy |
| title | Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19 |
| title_full | Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19 |
| title_short | Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19 |
| title_sort | biological and exploitable crossroads for the immune response in cancer and covid 19 |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 cancer immunity immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2628 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT letiziavitali biologicalandexploitablecrossroadsfortheimmuneresponseincancerandcovid19 AT alessandramerlini biologicalandexploitablecrossroadsfortheimmuneresponseincancerandcovid19 AT federicagalvagno biologicalandexploitablecrossroadsfortheimmuneresponseincancerandcovid19 AT alessiaproment biologicalandexploitablecrossroadsfortheimmuneresponseincancerandcovid19 AT dariosangiolo biologicalandexploitablecrossroadsfortheimmuneresponseincancerandcovid19 |