Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020.
The risk-based active surveillance for Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was carried out in China from 2011 to 2020. A total of 110,018 swabs were collected from 28 provinces. 2,389 class I NDVs were isolated and identified by RT-PCR and sequencing. The average annual positivity rate of class I NDVs fro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264936 |
| _version_ | 1828344934691766272 |
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| author | Jingjing Wang Xiaohui Yu Dongxia Zheng Yunling Zhao Yan Lv Bo Shu Wenming Jiang Shuo Liu Jinping Li Guangyu Hou Cheng Peng Suchun Wang Jianmin Yu Yang Li Hualei Liu |
| author_facet | Jingjing Wang Xiaohui Yu Dongxia Zheng Yunling Zhao Yan Lv Bo Shu Wenming Jiang Shuo Liu Jinping Li Guangyu Hou Cheng Peng Suchun Wang Jianmin Yu Yang Li Hualei Liu |
| author_sort | Jingjing Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The risk-based active surveillance for Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was carried out in China from 2011 to 2020. A total of 110,018 swabs were collected from 28 provinces. 2,389 class I NDVs were isolated and identified by RT-PCR and sequencing. The average annual positivity rate of class I NDVs from 2011 to 2020 was 2.17%. In the last 10 years, the positivity rate was highest in 2011 (4.76%), and has since decreased. Most viruses were isolated from chickens, while others were collected from ducks, geese and pigeons, as well as from the environment. The positivity rates for class I NDVs in poultry ranged from 0.55% to 2.40%. The viruses were isolated from 373 sampling sites in 24 provinces, mainly in East, Central, South and Southwest China. The positivity rates of NDVs in wholesale markets (51.58%) and retail markets (42.83%) were much higher than those in poultry farms (7.14%) and slaughterhouses (3.85%). Phylogenetic analyses showed that most isolates belonged to sub-genotype 1.1.2, while only 22 viruses belonged to sub-genotype 1.2, indicating the viruses in sub-genotype 1.1.2 were the predominant strains in China. The F and HN genes of six strains in the two sub-genotypes were sequenced and analyzed. The cleavage sites of F protein in the six viruses were 112ERQER/L117, 112ERQGR/L117 or 112GRQERL117, which were typical of low virulence NDV. Several mutations were identified in the functional domains of F and HN proteins, including fusion peptide, heptad repeat region, transmembrane domains and neutralizing epitopes. This study revealed the distribution, genetic and phylogenetic characteristics of class I NDVs in China, and could help us to better understand the epidemiological context of class I NDVs in China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:04:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfdad6f7a72f41c08a1912394b3cdb3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:04:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfdad6f7a72f41c08a1912394b3cdb3a2022-12-22T02:23:35ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-01173e026493610.1371/journal.pone.0264936Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020.Jingjing WangXiaohui YuDongxia ZhengYunling ZhaoYan LvBo ShuWenming JiangShuo LiuJinping LiGuangyu HouCheng PengSuchun WangJianmin YuYang LiHualei LiuThe risk-based active surveillance for Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was carried out in China from 2011 to 2020. A total of 110,018 swabs were collected from 28 provinces. 2,389 class I NDVs were isolated and identified by RT-PCR and sequencing. The average annual positivity rate of class I NDVs from 2011 to 2020 was 2.17%. In the last 10 years, the positivity rate was highest in 2011 (4.76%), and has since decreased. Most viruses were isolated from chickens, while others were collected from ducks, geese and pigeons, as well as from the environment. The positivity rates for class I NDVs in poultry ranged from 0.55% to 2.40%. The viruses were isolated from 373 sampling sites in 24 provinces, mainly in East, Central, South and Southwest China. The positivity rates of NDVs in wholesale markets (51.58%) and retail markets (42.83%) were much higher than those in poultry farms (7.14%) and slaughterhouses (3.85%). Phylogenetic analyses showed that most isolates belonged to sub-genotype 1.1.2, while only 22 viruses belonged to sub-genotype 1.2, indicating the viruses in sub-genotype 1.1.2 were the predominant strains in China. The F and HN genes of six strains in the two sub-genotypes were sequenced and analyzed. The cleavage sites of F protein in the six viruses were 112ERQER/L117, 112ERQGR/L117 or 112GRQERL117, which were typical of low virulence NDV. Several mutations were identified in the functional domains of F and HN proteins, including fusion peptide, heptad repeat region, transmembrane domains and neutralizing epitopes. This study revealed the distribution, genetic and phylogenetic characteristics of class I NDVs in China, and could help us to better understand the epidemiological context of class I NDVs in China.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264936 |
| spellingShingle | Jingjing Wang Xiaohui Yu Dongxia Zheng Yunling Zhao Yan Lv Bo Shu Wenming Jiang Shuo Liu Jinping Li Guangyu Hou Cheng Peng Suchun Wang Jianmin Yu Yang Li Hualei Liu Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020. PLoS ONE |
| title | Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020. |
| title_full | Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020. |
| title_fullStr | Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020. |
| title_short | Continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class I Newcastle disease viruses in China from 2011 to 2020. |
| title_sort | continuous surveillance revealing a wide distribution of class i newcastle disease viruses in china from 2011 to 2020 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264936 |
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