Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study
Background: Non-optimum temperatures are associated with increased risk of respiratory diseases, but the effects of apparent temperature (AT) on respiratory diseases remain to be investigated. Methods: Using daily data from 2016 to 2020 in Ganzhou, a large city in southern China, we analyzed the imp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Komiyama Printing Co. Ltd
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/29/0/29_23-00188/_html/-char/en |
| _version_ | 1827300558228160512 |
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| author | Mengxia Qing Yanjun Guo Yuxin Yao Chuanfei Zhou Dongming Wang Weihong Qiu You Guo Xiaokang Zhang |
| author_facet | Mengxia Qing Yanjun Guo Yuxin Yao Chuanfei Zhou Dongming Wang Weihong Qiu You Guo Xiaokang Zhang |
| author_sort | Mengxia Qing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Non-optimum temperatures are associated with increased risk of respiratory diseases, but the effects of apparent temperature (AT) on respiratory diseases remain to be investigated. Methods: Using daily data from 2016 to 2020 in Ganzhou, a large city in southern China, we analyzed the impact of AT on outpatient and inpatient visits for respiratory diseases. We considered total respiratory diseases and five subtypes (influenza and pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]). Our analysis employed a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) combined with a generalized additive model (GAM). Results: We recorded 94,952 outpatients and 72,410 inpatients for respiratory diseases. We found AT significantly non-linearly associated with daily outpatient and inpatient visits for total respiratory diseases, influenza and pneumonia, and URTI, primarily during comfortable AT levels, while it was exclusively related with daily inpatient visits for LRTI and COPD. Moderate heat (32.1 °C, the 75.0th centile) was observed with a significant effect on both daily outpatient and inpatient visits for total respiratory diseases at a relative risk of 1.561 (1.161, 2.098) and 1.276 (1.027, 1.585), respectively (both P < 0.05), while the results of inpatients became insignificant with the adjustment for CO and O3. The attributable fractions in outpatients and inpatients were as follows: total respiratory diseases (24.43% and 18.69%), influenza and pneumonia (31.54% and 17.33%), URTI (23.03% and 32.91%), LRTI (37.49% and 30.00%), asthma (9.83% and 3.39%), and COPD (30.67% and 10.65%). Stratified analyses showed that children ≤5 years old were more susceptible to moderate heat than older participants. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results indicated moderate heat increase the risk of daily outpatient and inpatient visits for respiratory diseases, especially among children under the age of 5. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:06:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfe3527183f04da7bd70eb977229e970 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1342-078X 1347-4715 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:06:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Komiyama Printing Co. Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfe3527183f04da7bd70eb977229e9702024-04-01T02:58:06ZengKomiyama Printing Co. LtdEnvironmental Health and Preventive Medicine1342-078X1347-47152024-03-0129202010.1265/ehpm.23-00188ehpmEffects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series studyMengxia Qing0Yanjun Guo1Yuxin Yao2Chuanfei Zhou3Dongming Wang4Weihong Qiu5You Guo6Xiaokang Zhang7Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologySchool of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical UniversityDepartment of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyFirst Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical UniversityFirst Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical UniversityBackground: Non-optimum temperatures are associated with increased risk of respiratory diseases, but the effects of apparent temperature (AT) on respiratory diseases remain to be investigated. Methods: Using daily data from 2016 to 2020 in Ganzhou, a large city in southern China, we analyzed the impact of AT on outpatient and inpatient visits for respiratory diseases. We considered total respiratory diseases and five subtypes (influenza and pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]). Our analysis employed a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) combined with a generalized additive model (GAM). Results: We recorded 94,952 outpatients and 72,410 inpatients for respiratory diseases. We found AT significantly non-linearly associated with daily outpatient and inpatient visits for total respiratory diseases, influenza and pneumonia, and URTI, primarily during comfortable AT levels, while it was exclusively related with daily inpatient visits for LRTI and COPD. Moderate heat (32.1 °C, the 75.0th centile) was observed with a significant effect on both daily outpatient and inpatient visits for total respiratory diseases at a relative risk of 1.561 (1.161, 2.098) and 1.276 (1.027, 1.585), respectively (both P < 0.05), while the results of inpatients became insignificant with the adjustment for CO and O3. The attributable fractions in outpatients and inpatients were as follows: total respiratory diseases (24.43% and 18.69%), influenza and pneumonia (31.54% and 17.33%), URTI (23.03% and 32.91%), LRTI (37.49% and 30.00%), asthma (9.83% and 3.39%), and COPD (30.67% and 10.65%). Stratified analyses showed that children ≤5 years old were more susceptible to moderate heat than older participants. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results indicated moderate heat increase the risk of daily outpatient and inpatient visits for respiratory diseases, especially among children under the age of 5.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/29/0/29_23-00188/_html/-char/enapparent temperaturerespiratory diseasesrespiratory tract infectionoutpatient and inpatient visitstime-series analysisdistributed lag nonlinear models |
| spellingShingle | Mengxia Qing Yanjun Guo Yuxin Yao Chuanfei Zhou Dongming Wang Weihong Qiu You Guo Xiaokang Zhang Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine apparent temperature respiratory diseases respiratory tract infection outpatient and inpatient visits time-series analysis distributed lag nonlinear models |
| title | Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study |
| title_full | Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study |
| title_short | Effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause-specific respiratory diseases in Ganzhou, China: a time series study |
| title_sort | effects of apparent temperature on daily outpatient and inpatient visits for cause specific respiratory diseases in ganzhou china a time series study |
| topic | apparent temperature respiratory diseases respiratory tract infection outpatient and inpatient visits time-series analysis distributed lag nonlinear models |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/29/0/29_23-00188/_html/-char/en |
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