A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru
We propose to erect a new genus of terrestrial-breeding frogs of the Terrarana clade to accommodate three species from the Province La Convención, Department of Cusco, Peru previously assigned to <i>Bryophryne</i>: <i>B. flammiventris</i>, <i>B. gymnotis</i>, and...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Diversity |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/5/184 |
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| author | Alessandro Catenazzi Luis Mamani Edgar Lehr Rudolf von May |
| author_facet | Alessandro Catenazzi Luis Mamani Edgar Lehr Rudolf von May |
| author_sort | Alessandro Catenazzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We propose to erect a new genus of terrestrial-breeding frogs of the Terrarana clade to accommodate three species from the Province La Convención, Department of Cusco, Peru previously assigned to <i>Bryophryne</i>: <i>B. flammiventris</i>, <i>B. gymnotis</i>, and <i>B. mancoinca</i>. We examined types and specimens of most species, reviewed morphological and bioacoustic characteristics, and performed molecular analyses on the largest phylogeny of <i>Bryophryne</i> species to date. We performed phylogenetic analysis of a dataset of concatenated sequences from fragments of the 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA genes, the protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), the nuclear protein-coding gene recombination-activating protein 1 (RAG1), and the tyrosinase precursor (Tyr). The three species are immediately distinguishable from all other species of <i>Bryophryne</i> by the presence of a tympanic membrane and annulus, and by males having median subgular vocal sacs and emitting advertisement calls. Our molecular phylogeny confirms that the three species belong to a new, distinct clade, which we name <i>Qosqophryne</i>, and that they are reciprocally monophyletic with species of <i>Microkayla</i>. These two genera (<i>Qosqophryne</i> and <i>Microkayla</i>) are more closely related to species of <i>Noblella</i> and <i>Psychrophrynella</i> than to species of <i>Bryophryne</i>. Although there are no known morphological synapomorphies for either <i>Microkayla</i> or <i>Qosqophryne</i>, the high endemism of their species, and the disjoint geographic distribution of the two genera, with a gap region of ~310 km by airline where both genera are absent, provide further support for <i>Qosqophryne</i> having long diverged from <i>Microkayla</i>. The exploration of high elevation moss and leaf litter habitats in the tropical Andes will contribute to increase knowledge of the diversity and phylogenetic relationships within Terrarana. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:57:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dff814be8b464feb9a09a20839b60129 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:57:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-dff814be8b464feb9a09a20839b601292023-11-19T23:50:33ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182020-05-0112518410.3390/d12050184A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern PeruAlessandro Catenazzi0Luis Mamani1Edgar Lehr2Rudolf von May3Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USAMuseo de Biodiversidad del Perú, Cusco 08000, PeruDepartment of Biology, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL 61701, USABiology Program, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA 93012, USAWe propose to erect a new genus of terrestrial-breeding frogs of the Terrarana clade to accommodate three species from the Province La Convención, Department of Cusco, Peru previously assigned to <i>Bryophryne</i>: <i>B. flammiventris</i>, <i>B. gymnotis</i>, and <i>B. mancoinca</i>. We examined types and specimens of most species, reviewed morphological and bioacoustic characteristics, and performed molecular analyses on the largest phylogeny of <i>Bryophryne</i> species to date. We performed phylogenetic analysis of a dataset of concatenated sequences from fragments of the 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA genes, the protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), the nuclear protein-coding gene recombination-activating protein 1 (RAG1), and the tyrosinase precursor (Tyr). The three species are immediately distinguishable from all other species of <i>Bryophryne</i> by the presence of a tympanic membrane and annulus, and by males having median subgular vocal sacs and emitting advertisement calls. Our molecular phylogeny confirms that the three species belong to a new, distinct clade, which we name <i>Qosqophryne</i>, and that they are reciprocally monophyletic with species of <i>Microkayla</i>. These two genera (<i>Qosqophryne</i> and <i>Microkayla</i>) are more closely related to species of <i>Noblella</i> and <i>Psychrophrynella</i> than to species of <i>Bryophryne</i>. Although there are no known morphological synapomorphies for either <i>Microkayla</i> or <i>Qosqophryne</i>, the high endemism of their species, and the disjoint geographic distribution of the two genera, with a gap region of ~310 km by airline where both genera are absent, provide further support for <i>Qosqophryne</i> having long diverged from <i>Microkayla</i>. The exploration of high elevation moss and leaf litter habitats in the tropical Andes will contribute to increase knowledge of the diversity and phylogenetic relationships within Terrarana.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/5/184amphibianAndesCuscohigh elevationNeotropical<i>Qosqophryne</i> |
| spellingShingle | Alessandro Catenazzi Luis Mamani Edgar Lehr Rudolf von May A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru Diversity amphibian Andes Cusco high elevation Neotropical <i>Qosqophryne</i> |
| title | A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru |
| title_full | A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru |
| title_fullStr | A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru |
| title_short | A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru |
| title_sort | new genus of terrestrial breeding frogs holoadeninae strabomantidae terrarana from southern peru |
| topic | amphibian Andes Cusco high elevation Neotropical <i>Qosqophryne</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/5/184 |
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