Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms

Abstract Quantum spin liquids are elusive but paradigmatic examples of strongly correlated quantum states that are characterized by long-range quantum entanglement. Recently, signatures of a gapped topological $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$ Z 2 spin liquid have been observed in a system of Rydberg atoms; ho...

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Main Authors: Milan Kornjača, Rhine Samajdar, Tommaso Macrì, Nathan Gemelke, Sheng-Tao Wang, Fangli Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2023-12-01
Series:Communications Physics
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01470-z
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author Milan Kornjača
Rhine Samajdar
Tommaso Macrì
Nathan Gemelke
Sheng-Tao Wang
Fangli Liu
author_facet Milan Kornjača
Rhine Samajdar
Tommaso Macrì
Nathan Gemelke
Sheng-Tao Wang
Fangli Liu
author_sort Milan Kornjača
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Quantum spin liquids are elusive but paradigmatic examples of strongly correlated quantum states that are characterized by long-range quantum entanglement. Recently, signatures of a gapped topological $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$ Z 2 spin liquid have been observed in a system of Rydberg atoms; however, the full capability of these platforms to realize quantum spin liquids extends far beyond this state alone. Here, we propose the realization of a different class of spin liquids in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms. Exploring the system’s quantum phase diagram using density-matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization calculations, we identify several density-wave-ordered phases and a trimer spin liquid ground state with an emergent U(1) × U(1) local symmetry. This liquid state originates from superpositions of classical trimer configurations on the dual triangular lattice in the regime where third-nearest-neighbor atoms lie within the Rydberg blockade radius. Finally, we discuss the conditions to enhance the preparation fidelity of this state by a general Rydberg-blockade-based projection mechanism, test the robustness of the trimer spin liquid phase in a range of realistic parameters, and outline methods for its experimental detection.
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spelling doaj.art-dffbb4bae68a4aceadbcf880134ae9052023-12-17T12:19:58ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Physics2399-36502023-12-016111010.1038/s42005-023-01470-zTrimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atomsMilan Kornjača0Rhine Samajdar1Tommaso Macrì2Nathan Gemelke3Sheng-Tao Wang4Fangli Liu5QuEra Computing Inc.Department of Physics, Princeton UniversityQuEra Computing Inc.QuEra Computing Inc.QuEra Computing Inc.QuEra Computing Inc.Abstract Quantum spin liquids are elusive but paradigmatic examples of strongly correlated quantum states that are characterized by long-range quantum entanglement. Recently, signatures of a gapped topological $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$ Z 2 spin liquid have been observed in a system of Rydberg atoms; however, the full capability of these platforms to realize quantum spin liquids extends far beyond this state alone. Here, we propose the realization of a different class of spin liquids in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms. Exploring the system’s quantum phase diagram using density-matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization calculations, we identify several density-wave-ordered phases and a trimer spin liquid ground state with an emergent U(1) × U(1) local symmetry. This liquid state originates from superpositions of classical trimer configurations on the dual triangular lattice in the regime where third-nearest-neighbor atoms lie within the Rydberg blockade radius. Finally, we discuss the conditions to enhance the preparation fidelity of this state by a general Rydberg-blockade-based projection mechanism, test the robustness of the trimer spin liquid phase in a range of realistic parameters, and outline methods for its experimental detection.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01470-z
spellingShingle Milan Kornjača
Rhine Samajdar
Tommaso Macrì
Nathan Gemelke
Sheng-Tao Wang
Fangli Liu
Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
Communications Physics
title Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
title_full Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
title_fullStr Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
title_full_unstemmed Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
title_short Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
title_sort trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of rydberg atoms
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01470-z
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