Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance
Accurate monitoring of surface temperature and melting on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is important for tracking the ice sheet’s mass balance as well as global and Arctic climate change. Using a moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived land-surface-temperature (LST) data produ...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/4/1149 |
| _version_ | 1797618388142391296 |
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| author | Zhenxiang Fang Ninglian Wang Yuwei Wu Yujie Zhang |
| author_facet | Zhenxiang Fang Ninglian Wang Yuwei Wu Yujie Zhang |
| author_sort | Zhenxiang Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate monitoring of surface temperature and melting on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is important for tracking the ice sheet’s mass balance as well as global and Arctic climate change. Using a moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived land-surface-temperature (LST) data product with a resolution of 1 km from 2000 to 2020, the temporal and spatial variations of annual and seasonal ‘clear-sky’ surface temperature were evaluated. We also monitored summer surface melting and studied the relationship between the mass balance of the ice sheet and changes in surface temperature and melting. The results show that the mean annual LST during the study period is −24.86 ± 5.46 °C, with the highest of −22.48 ± 5.61 °C in 2010 and the lowest temperature of −26.49 ± 5.30 °C in 2015. With the change of season, the spatial variation of the ice-sheet surface temperature changes greatly. 2012 and 2019 experienced the warmest summers (−5.92 ± 4.01 °C and −6.51 ± 3.93 °C), with extreme cumulative melting detected on the ice-sheet surface (89.9% and 89.7%, respectively), and 2002 also experienced a greater extent of melting. But short period of melt in 2002 and 2019 (30.6% and 31.4%, respectively), accounted for a larger proportion, with neither the duration nor intensity of the melt reaching that of 2012. There is a strong correlation between the GrIS surface temperature and its mass balance. By fitting the relationship between surface temperature and mass balance, it was found that 93.83% (6.17%) of the ice-sheet response to surface-temperature change was via surface-mass balance (discharge and basal-mass balance). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:12:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e01e0e697c1a4977958164e24161044c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:12:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-e01e0e697c1a4977958164e24161044c2023-11-16T23:04:21ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-02-01154114910.3390/rs15041149Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass BalanceZhenxiang Fang0Ninglian Wang1Yuwei Wu2Yujie Zhang3Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, ChinaAccurate monitoring of surface temperature and melting on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is important for tracking the ice sheet’s mass balance as well as global and Arctic climate change. Using a moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived land-surface-temperature (LST) data product with a resolution of 1 km from 2000 to 2020, the temporal and spatial variations of annual and seasonal ‘clear-sky’ surface temperature were evaluated. We also monitored summer surface melting and studied the relationship between the mass balance of the ice sheet and changes in surface temperature and melting. The results show that the mean annual LST during the study period is −24.86 ± 5.46 °C, with the highest of −22.48 ± 5.61 °C in 2010 and the lowest temperature of −26.49 ± 5.30 °C in 2015. With the change of season, the spatial variation of the ice-sheet surface temperature changes greatly. 2012 and 2019 experienced the warmest summers (−5.92 ± 4.01 °C and −6.51 ± 3.93 °C), with extreme cumulative melting detected on the ice-sheet surface (89.9% and 89.7%, respectively), and 2002 also experienced a greater extent of melting. But short period of melt in 2002 and 2019 (30.6% and 31.4%, respectively), accounted for a larger proportion, with neither the duration nor intensity of the melt reaching that of 2012. There is a strong correlation between the GrIS surface temperature and its mass balance. By fitting the relationship between surface temperature and mass balance, it was found that 93.83% (6.17%) of the ice-sheet response to surface-temperature change was via surface-mass balance (discharge and basal-mass balance).https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/4/1149Greenland ice sheetsurface temperaturemeltmass balance |
| spellingShingle | Zhenxiang Fang Ninglian Wang Yuwei Wu Yujie Zhang Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance Remote Sensing Greenland ice sheet surface temperature melt mass balance |
| title | Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance |
| title_full | Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance |
| title_fullStr | Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance |
| title_short | Greenland-Ice-Sheet Surface Temperature and Melt Extent from 2000 to 2020 and Implications for Mass Balance |
| title_sort | greenland ice sheet surface temperature and melt extent from 2000 to 2020 and implications for mass balance |
| topic | Greenland ice sheet surface temperature melt mass balance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/4/1149 |
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