Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters
ABSTRACT The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar, is an invasive xylem-feeding leafhopper with a devastating economic impact on California agriculture through transmission of the plant pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa. While studies have focused on X. fastidiosa or known symbionts...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2023-10-01
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| Series: | mSphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00267-23 |
| _version_ | 1797651068352462848 |
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| author | Cassandra L. Ettinger Jessica Wu-Woods Tania Kurbessoian Dylan J. Brown Inaiara de Souza Pacheco Beatriz G. Vindiola Linda L. Walling Peter W. Atkinson Frank J. Byrne Richard Redak Jason E. Stajich |
| author_facet | Cassandra L. Ettinger Jessica Wu-Woods Tania Kurbessoian Dylan J. Brown Inaiara de Souza Pacheco Beatriz G. Vindiola Linda L. Walling Peter W. Atkinson Frank J. Byrne Richard Redak Jason E. Stajich |
| author_sort | Cassandra L. Ettinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar, is an invasive xylem-feeding leafhopper with a devastating economic impact on California agriculture through transmission of the plant pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa. While studies have focused on X. fastidiosa or known symbionts of H. vitripennis, little work has been done at the scale of the microbiome (the bacterial community) or mycobiome (the fungal community). Here, we characterize the mycobiome and the microbiome of H. vitripennis across Southern California and explore correlations with captivity and host insecticide resistance status. Using high-throughput sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 region and the 16S rRNA gene to profile the mycobiome and microbiome, respectively, we found that while the H. vitripennis mycobiome significantly varied across Southern California, the microbiome did not. We also observed a significant difference in both the mycobiome and microbiome between captive and wild H. vitripennis. Finally, we found that the mycobiome, but not the microbiome, was correlated with insecticide resistance status in wild H. vitripennis. This study serves as a foundational look at the H. vitripennis mycobiome and microbiome across Southern California. Future work should explore the putative link between microbes and insecticide resistance status and investigate whether microbial communities should be considered in H. vitripennis management practices. IMPORTANCE The glassy-winged sharpshooter is an invasive leafhopper that feeds on the xylem of plants and transmits the devastating pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa, resulting in significant economic damage to California’s agricultural system. While studies have focused on this pathogen or obligate symbionts of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, there is limited knowledge of the bacterial and fungal communities that make up its microbiome and mycobiome. To address this knowledge gap, we explored the composition of the mycobiome and the microbiome of the glassy-winged sharpshooter across Southern California and identified differences associated with geography, captivity, and host insecticide resistance status. Understanding sources of variation in the microbial communities associated with the glassy-winged sharpshooter is an important consideration for developing management strategies to control this invasive insect. This study is a first step toward understanding the role microbes may play in the glassy-winged sharpshooter’s resistance to insecticides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:09:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e03779534b0748259ce7e85f0f707977 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-5042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:09:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mSphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-e03779534b0748259ce7e85f0f7079772023-10-24T16:32:15ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymSphere2379-50422023-10-018510.1128/msphere.00267-23Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshootersCassandra L. Ettinger0Jessica Wu-Woods1Tania Kurbessoian2Dylan J. Brown3Inaiara de Souza Pacheco4Beatriz G. Vindiola5Linda L. Walling6Peter W. Atkinson7Frank J. Byrne8Richard Redak9Jason E. Stajich10Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California, USAABSTRACT The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar, is an invasive xylem-feeding leafhopper with a devastating economic impact on California agriculture through transmission of the plant pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa. While studies have focused on X. fastidiosa or known symbionts of H. vitripennis, little work has been done at the scale of the microbiome (the bacterial community) or mycobiome (the fungal community). Here, we characterize the mycobiome and the microbiome of H. vitripennis across Southern California and explore correlations with captivity and host insecticide resistance status. Using high-throughput sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 region and the 16S rRNA gene to profile the mycobiome and microbiome, respectively, we found that while the H. vitripennis mycobiome significantly varied across Southern California, the microbiome did not. We also observed a significant difference in both the mycobiome and microbiome between captive and wild H. vitripennis. Finally, we found that the mycobiome, but not the microbiome, was correlated with insecticide resistance status in wild H. vitripennis. This study serves as a foundational look at the H. vitripennis mycobiome and microbiome across Southern California. Future work should explore the putative link between microbes and insecticide resistance status and investigate whether microbial communities should be considered in H. vitripennis management practices. IMPORTANCE The glassy-winged sharpshooter is an invasive leafhopper that feeds on the xylem of plants and transmits the devastating pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa, resulting in significant economic damage to California’s agricultural system. While studies have focused on this pathogen or obligate symbionts of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, there is limited knowledge of the bacterial and fungal communities that make up its microbiome and mycobiome. To address this knowledge gap, we explored the composition of the mycobiome and the microbiome of the glassy-winged sharpshooter across Southern California and identified differences associated with geography, captivity, and host insecticide resistance status. Understanding sources of variation in the microbial communities associated with the glassy-winged sharpshooter is an important consideration for developing management strategies to control this invasive insect. This study is a first step toward understanding the role microbes may play in the glassy-winged sharpshooter’s resistance to insecticides.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00267-23Homalodisca vitripennisfungibacteriamicrobial ecologyimidacloprid resistancebiogeography |
| spellingShingle | Cassandra L. Ettinger Jessica Wu-Woods Tania Kurbessoian Dylan J. Brown Inaiara de Souza Pacheco Beatriz G. Vindiola Linda L. Walling Peter W. Atkinson Frank J. Byrne Richard Redak Jason E. Stajich Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters mSphere Homalodisca vitripennis fungi bacteria microbial ecology imidacloprid resistance biogeography |
| title | Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters |
| title_full | Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters |
| title_fullStr | Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters |
| title_short | Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters |
| title_sort | geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of southern california glassy winged sharpshooters |
| topic | Homalodisca vitripennis fungi bacteria microbial ecology imidacloprid resistance biogeography |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00267-23 |
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