Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks
The automotive industry is constantly looking for innovative techniques to produce lighter, more efficient, and less polluting vehicles to comply with the increasingly restrictive environmental regulations. One of the latest technologies, which is still developing, is based on the fabrication of the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1593 |
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| author | Dario Basile Raffaella Sesana Manuela De Maddis Luca Borella Pasquale Russo Spena |
| author_facet | Dario Basile Raffaella Sesana Manuela De Maddis Luca Borella Pasquale Russo Spena |
| author_sort | Dario Basile |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The automotive industry is constantly looking for innovative techniques to produce lighter, more efficient, and less polluting vehicles to comply with the increasingly restrictive environmental regulations. One of the latest technologies, which is still developing, is based on the fabrication of the body-in-white and car parts through the stamping of aluminum tailor welded blanks. Tailor welded blanks (TWBs) are generally a combination of two/three metal sheets with different thicknesses and/or mechanical strengths, which are commonly laser butt-welded. Even though the aluminum TWBs have the main advantage of producing lightweight parts, their use is still limited by the lower formability than their parent materials and by the fact that laser welding of aluminum sheets still remains a process easily subjected to weld defects (i.e., internal porosity) and, hence, requires strict control of process parameters. This study has investigated the effects of the main laser welding process parameters (laser power, welding speed, and focus position) on the mechanical properties and formability of aluminum TWBs made of the 6xxx series. The research results show that the welding conditions highly influence the weldability of such alloys. Heat input over 70 J/mm is responsible for excessive porosity and molten pool (and consequent root concavity), which are responsible for the lowest mechanical strength and formability of joints. Differently, low amounts of imperfections have a limited influence on the mechanical behaviors of the TWB joints. Overall, a narrow weldability window is required to ensure welded joints with proper strength and limited or no porosity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:48:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0382925557d4b6cbea4fa7c33b61dd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:48:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0382925557d4b6cbea4fa7c33b61dd22023-11-24T01:17:31ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-09-011210159310.3390/met12101593Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded BlanksDario Basile0Raffaella Sesana1Manuela De Maddis2Luca Borella3Pasquale Russo Spena4Department of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, ItalyCO.ST.AT., Via Del Mare 19, Piobesi Torinese, 10040 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, ItalyThe automotive industry is constantly looking for innovative techniques to produce lighter, more efficient, and less polluting vehicles to comply with the increasingly restrictive environmental regulations. One of the latest technologies, which is still developing, is based on the fabrication of the body-in-white and car parts through the stamping of aluminum tailor welded blanks. Tailor welded blanks (TWBs) are generally a combination of two/three metal sheets with different thicknesses and/or mechanical strengths, which are commonly laser butt-welded. Even though the aluminum TWBs have the main advantage of producing lightweight parts, their use is still limited by the lower formability than their parent materials and by the fact that laser welding of aluminum sheets still remains a process easily subjected to weld defects (i.e., internal porosity) and, hence, requires strict control of process parameters. This study has investigated the effects of the main laser welding process parameters (laser power, welding speed, and focus position) on the mechanical properties and formability of aluminum TWBs made of the 6xxx series. The research results show that the welding conditions highly influence the weldability of such alloys. Heat input over 70 J/mm is responsible for excessive porosity and molten pool (and consequent root concavity), which are responsible for the lowest mechanical strength and formability of joints. Differently, low amounts of imperfections have a limited influence on the mechanical behaviors of the TWB joints. Overall, a narrow weldability window is required to ensure welded joints with proper strength and limited or no porosity.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1593tailor welded blankslaser weldingaluminum sheetsautomotive industrymechanical propertiesjoint geometrical features |
| spellingShingle | Dario Basile Raffaella Sesana Manuela De Maddis Luca Borella Pasquale Russo Spena Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks Metals tailor welded blanks laser welding aluminum sheets automotive industry mechanical properties joint geometrical features |
| title | Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks |
| title_full | Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks |
| title_short | Investigation of Strength and Formability of 6016 Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks |
| title_sort | investigation of strength and formability of 6016 aluminum tailor welded blanks |
| topic | tailor welded blanks laser welding aluminum sheets automotive industry mechanical properties joint geometrical features |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1593 |
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