Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety
Abstract Objective It is known that cytokines play a role in both depression and anxiety. This study aimed to compare the levels of multiple cytokines in patients with first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder (MDD) with or without anxiety and analyze the correlation between the level of de...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05536-2 |
| _version_ | 1827326609726636032 |
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| author | Jun Liang Yayun Xu Wenfan Gao Yanhong Sun Yuanyuan Zhang Feng Shan Qingrong Xia |
| author_facet | Jun Liang Yayun Xu Wenfan Gao Yanhong Sun Yuanyuan Zhang Feng Shan Qingrong Xia |
| author_sort | Jun Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective It is known that cytokines play a role in both depression and anxiety. This study aimed to compare the levels of multiple cytokines in patients with first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder (MDD) with or without anxiety and analyze the correlation between the level of depression or anxiety and the serum cytokine levels. Methods The study involved 55 patients with first-episode drug-naive MDD. To assess anxiety symptoms, the 14-item HAMA was used. MDD patients were divided into two groups: 23 MDD patients without anxiety and 32 MDD patients with anxiety. The measurement of 37 cytokines was conducted. Serum cytokine levels between patients with MDD without anxiety and anxiety were compared. In multiple linear regression models, the relationship between the group and abnormal cytokines was explored. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to estimate diagnostic performance of serum cytokines in discriminating MDD patients with anxiety from MDD patients without anxiety. A correlation was evaluated between the scores of HAMD or HAMA and the serum cytokine levels. Results In MDD patients with anxiety, IL-17 C and CCL17 levels were significantly lower than in MDD patients without anxiety (all P < 0.05). Multiple measurements were corrected with Benjamini-Hochberger corrections, but none of these differences persisted (all P > 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression models revealed that after controlling for other independent variables, group was not a significant independent predictor of serum IL-17 C or CCL17 (all P > 0.05). The AUC values of IL-17 C and CCL17 were 0.643 and 0.637, respectively, in discriminating MDD patients with anxiety from MDD patients without anxiety. The results of partial correlation analyses showed the scores of HAMD were negatively correlated with the IL-17 C (r = -0.314, P = 0.021) levels with sex as a covariate. Conclusions The findings suggest that there is a potential absence of disparity in the levels of circulating cytokines among individuals diagnosed with first-episode drug-naïve MDD, regardless of the presence or absence of comorbid anxiety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:48:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e03c83a7dc2440e5808dec0ea4474d88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:48:05Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-e03c83a7dc2440e5808dec0ea4474d882024-03-05T19:53:29ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2024-02-012411810.1186/s12888-024-05536-2Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxietyJun Liang0Yayun Xu1Wenfan Gao2Yanhong Sun3Yuanyuan Zhang4Feng Shan5Qingrong Xia6Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityAffiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAffiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAffiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAffiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAffiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAbstract Objective It is known that cytokines play a role in both depression and anxiety. This study aimed to compare the levels of multiple cytokines in patients with first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder (MDD) with or without anxiety and analyze the correlation between the level of depression or anxiety and the serum cytokine levels. Methods The study involved 55 patients with first-episode drug-naive MDD. To assess anxiety symptoms, the 14-item HAMA was used. MDD patients were divided into two groups: 23 MDD patients without anxiety and 32 MDD patients with anxiety. The measurement of 37 cytokines was conducted. Serum cytokine levels between patients with MDD without anxiety and anxiety were compared. In multiple linear regression models, the relationship between the group and abnormal cytokines was explored. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to estimate diagnostic performance of serum cytokines in discriminating MDD patients with anxiety from MDD patients without anxiety. A correlation was evaluated between the scores of HAMD or HAMA and the serum cytokine levels. Results In MDD patients with anxiety, IL-17 C and CCL17 levels were significantly lower than in MDD patients without anxiety (all P < 0.05). Multiple measurements were corrected with Benjamini-Hochberger corrections, but none of these differences persisted (all P > 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression models revealed that after controlling for other independent variables, group was not a significant independent predictor of serum IL-17 C or CCL17 (all P > 0.05). The AUC values of IL-17 C and CCL17 were 0.643 and 0.637, respectively, in discriminating MDD patients with anxiety from MDD patients without anxiety. The results of partial correlation analyses showed the scores of HAMD were negatively correlated with the IL-17 C (r = -0.314, P = 0.021) levels with sex as a covariate. Conclusions The findings suggest that there is a potential absence of disparity in the levels of circulating cytokines among individuals diagnosed with first-episode drug-naïve MDD, regardless of the presence or absence of comorbid anxiety.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05536-2CytokinesSerumMajor depressive disorderAnxietyCorrelation |
| spellingShingle | Jun Liang Yayun Xu Wenfan Gao Yanhong Sun Yuanyuan Zhang Feng Shan Qingrong Xia Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety BMC Psychiatry Cytokines Serum Major depressive disorder Anxiety Correlation |
| title | Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety |
| title_full | Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety |
| title_fullStr | Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety |
| title_short | Cytokine profile in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety |
| title_sort | cytokine profile in first episode drug naive major depressive disorder patients with or without anxiety |
| topic | Cytokines Serum Major depressive disorder Anxiety Correlation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05536-2 |
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