Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop
Diploid einkorn wheat (2n = 14) is an ancient crop that people cultivate for 10 thousand years. The grain of this wheat is a valuable product for a healthy diet, which determines the increasing interest in einkorn wheat by scientists and agricultural producers. Meanwhile, the wide use of this crop i...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
| Published: |
V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Вісник Харківського Національного Університету Імені В.Н. Каразіна: Серія Біологія |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biology/article/view/20991 |
| _version_ | 1797845365480751104 |
|---|---|
| author | Hao Fu L. Atramentova |
| author_facet | Hao Fu L. Atramentova |
| author_sort | Hao Fu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diploid einkorn wheat (2n = 14) is an ancient crop that people cultivate for 10 thousand years. The grain of this wheat is a valuable product for a healthy diet, which determines the increasing interest in einkorn wheat by scientists and agricultural producers. Meanwhile, the wide use of this crop is hindered by several shortcomings that complicate the usage of modern technologies: low yield, ear fragility, a tendency to lodging, and difficult grain threshing. Nevertheless, there are some preconditions for improving the agronomic properties of this crop. We carried out crosses in seven combinations with the use of three wheat species (T. boeoticum, T. monococcum, T. sinskajae) to improve the diploid einkorn wheat in terms of productivity and threshing. In total, the hybrid seed set in the crosses varies from 6.3 % to 79.7 %. In the combination of cultivated wheat T. sinskajae with wild T. boeoticum, differences in the results of reciprocal crosses are observed specifically in the hybrid seed set (in the forward cross it equals 6.3 %; in the reverse one, 48.9 %). Hybrids from reciprocal crosses of T. monococcum var. sofianum UA0300649 and T. sinskajae f. aristata were equivalent in seed set (72 and 82 %) and inheritance patterns and had similar quantitative traits. In other combinations, the seed set varied from 12.5 to 45.6 %. Hybrid depression was the most frequent (22 cases out of 49) inheritance type of the F1 quantitative traits in einkorns; dominance of the parent form with a large trait manifestation was registered in 11 cases, and heterosis in four cases. In hybrids, the inheritance of spike length is correlated with the inheritance type of the ear number (r = 0.92) and the grain number (r = 0.78) per spike. The dominance degrees after these two traits are also highly correlated (r = 0.89). The combination UA0300400 T. boeoticum var. thaoudar ARM / UA0300224 T. sinskajae var. sinskajae RUS, which manifested heterosis for kernel number per spike (Hp = 1.2), the weight of spike (Hp = 11.8) and weight of kernels per spike (Hp = 5.4) is of particular interest. The combination UA0300222 T. monococcum var. hohensteinii / UA0300224 T. sinskajae var. sinskajae is promising for creating easily threshed material. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:37:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e04a6c767d86414bb24093faaf071f65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-5457 2220-9697 |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:37:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вісник Харківського Національного Університету Імені В.Н. Каразіна: Серія Біологія |
| spelling | doaj.art-e04a6c767d86414bb24093faaf071f652023-04-17T12:42:51ZrusV. N. Karazin Kharkiv National UniversityВісник Харківського Національного Університету Імені В.Н. Каразіна: Серія Біологія2075-54572220-96972022-06-0138303410.26565/2075-5457-2022-38-320991Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring cropHao Fu0L. Atramentova1V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National UniversityV.N. Kharazin Kharkiv National UniversityDiploid einkorn wheat (2n = 14) is an ancient crop that people cultivate for 10 thousand years. The grain of this wheat is a valuable product for a healthy diet, which determines the increasing interest in einkorn wheat by scientists and agricultural producers. Meanwhile, the wide use of this crop is hindered by several shortcomings that complicate the usage of modern technologies: low yield, ear fragility, a tendency to lodging, and difficult grain threshing. Nevertheless, there are some preconditions for improving the agronomic properties of this crop. We carried out crosses in seven combinations with the use of three wheat species (T. boeoticum, T. monococcum, T. sinskajae) to improve the diploid einkorn wheat in terms of productivity and threshing. In total, the hybrid seed set in the crosses varies from 6.3 % to 79.7 %. In the combination of cultivated wheat T. sinskajae with wild T. boeoticum, differences in the results of reciprocal crosses are observed specifically in the hybrid seed set (in the forward cross it equals 6.3 %; in the reverse one, 48.9 %). Hybrids from reciprocal crosses of T. monococcum var. sofianum UA0300649 and T. sinskajae f. aristata were equivalent in seed set (72 and 82 %) and inheritance patterns and had similar quantitative traits. In other combinations, the seed set varied from 12.5 to 45.6 %. Hybrid depression was the most frequent (22 cases out of 49) inheritance type of the F1 quantitative traits in einkorns; dominance of the parent form with a large trait manifestation was registered in 11 cases, and heterosis in four cases. In hybrids, the inheritance of spike length is correlated with the inheritance type of the ear number (r = 0.92) and the grain number (r = 0.78) per spike. The dominance degrees after these two traits are also highly correlated (r = 0.89). The combination UA0300400 T. boeoticum var. thaoudar ARM / UA0300224 T. sinskajae var. sinskajae RUS, which manifested heterosis for kernel number per spike (Hp = 1.2), the weight of spike (Hp = 11.8) and weight of kernels per spike (Hp = 5.4) is of particular interest. The combination UA0300222 T. monococcum var. hohensteinii / UA0300224 T. sinskajae var. sinskajae is promising for creating easily threshed material.https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biology/article/view/20991einkorn wheat, productivity elements, hybrids, degree of dominance |
| spellingShingle | Hao Fu L. Atramentova Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop Вісник Харківського Національного Університету Імені В.Н. Каразіна: Серія Біологія einkorn wheat, productivity elements, hybrids, degree of dominance |
| title | Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop |
| title_full | Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop |
| title_fullStr | Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop |
| title_short | Inheritance of traits in F1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop |
| title_sort | inheritance of traits in f1 hybrids of diploid einkorn wheat of the spring crop |
| topic | einkorn wheat, productivity elements, hybrids, degree of dominance |
| url | https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biology/article/view/20991 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT haofu inheritanceoftraitsinf1hybridsofdiploideinkornwheatofthespringcrop AT latramentova inheritanceoftraitsinf1hybridsofdiploideinkornwheatofthespringcrop |