Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review
Objectives: Search in PubMed with keywords “enzymes, dentinogenesis, and dental caries” revealed only 4 items, but when combined with “enzymes, osteogenesis, and osteoporosis” as high as 404 items resulted. Dental caries was associated with an order of magnitude fewer studies than the chronic bone d...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Stilus Optimus
2014-12-01
|
| Series: | eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2014/4/e3/v5n4e3ht.htm |
| _version_ | 1818085413842059264 |
|---|---|
| author | Markku Larmas George K. B. Sándor |
| author_facet | Markku Larmas George K. B. Sándor |
| author_sort | Markku Larmas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: Search in PubMed with keywords “enzymes, dentinogenesis, and dental caries” revealed only 4 items, but when combined with “enzymes, osteogenesis, and osteoporosis” as high as 404 items resulted. Dental caries was associated with an order of magnitude fewer studies than the chronic bone disease, osteoporosis. This observation motivated this review.
Material and Methods: A comprehensive review of the available literature on role of enzymes in dentinogenesis and dental caries was undertaken using MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scopus. Keywords for the search were: enzymes and odontoblasts, enzymes and different forms of dentinogenesis as well as dental caries.
Results: Search revealed studies which described odontoblasts harbouring numerous enzymes (hydrolases, including metalloproteinases, transaminases and dehydrogenases) during primary dentinogenesis. Alkaline phosphatase activity sharply decreased when odontoblasts turned into quiescent odontoblasts. Tertiary dentinogenesis was characterized first by reactionary dentine formation when alkaline phosphatase was highly reactivated. Then later some of these odontoblasts may die out and be replaced by other progenitor cells of pulpal origin. This tertiary dentine was called reparative dentine. Pulpal progenitor/stem cells revealed alkaline phosphatase activity in areas encircling inflamed pulp sections. Soft carious dentine revealed high hydrolase, transaminase and dehyrogenase activities that may have originated from invading microbes, saliva or were endogenous. Proteolytic activity was especially demonstrable using histochemical and biochemical means. Specifically, matrix metalloproteases may have originated partly from activated proenzymes of host origin.
Conclusions: Though dental studies are scanty when compared to bone, the active role of large spectrum of enzymes in healthy and carious dentine was given support. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:09:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e04f0558ae94448a81d7b6b3db89232d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2029-283X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:09:24Z |
| publishDate | 2014-12-01 |
| publisher | Stilus Optimus |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-e04f0558ae94448a81d7b6b3db89232d2022-12-22T01:35:20ZengStilus OptimuseJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research2029-283X2014-12-0154e310.5037/jomr.2014.5403Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature ReviewMarkku LarmasGeorge K. B. SándorObjectives: Search in PubMed with keywords “enzymes, dentinogenesis, and dental caries” revealed only 4 items, but when combined with “enzymes, osteogenesis, and osteoporosis” as high as 404 items resulted. Dental caries was associated with an order of magnitude fewer studies than the chronic bone disease, osteoporosis. This observation motivated this review. Material and Methods: A comprehensive review of the available literature on role of enzymes in dentinogenesis and dental caries was undertaken using MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scopus. Keywords for the search were: enzymes and odontoblasts, enzymes and different forms of dentinogenesis as well as dental caries. Results: Search revealed studies which described odontoblasts harbouring numerous enzymes (hydrolases, including metalloproteinases, transaminases and dehydrogenases) during primary dentinogenesis. Alkaline phosphatase activity sharply decreased when odontoblasts turned into quiescent odontoblasts. Tertiary dentinogenesis was characterized first by reactionary dentine formation when alkaline phosphatase was highly reactivated. Then later some of these odontoblasts may die out and be replaced by other progenitor cells of pulpal origin. This tertiary dentine was called reparative dentine. Pulpal progenitor/stem cells revealed alkaline phosphatase activity in areas encircling inflamed pulp sections. Soft carious dentine revealed high hydrolase, transaminase and dehyrogenase activities that may have originated from invading microbes, saliva or were endogenous. Proteolytic activity was especially demonstrable using histochemical and biochemical means. Specifically, matrix metalloproteases may have originated partly from activated proenzymes of host origin. Conclusions: Though dental studies are scanty when compared to bone, the active role of large spectrum of enzymes in healthy and carious dentine was given support.http://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2014/4/e3/v5n4e3ht.htmdental cariesdentinogenesisdentineenzymes |
| spellingShingle | Markku Larmas George K. B. Sándor Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research dental caries dentinogenesis dentine enzymes |
| title | Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review |
| title_full | Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review |
| title_short | Enzymes, Dentinogenesis and Dental Caries: a Literature Review |
| title_sort | enzymes dentinogenesis and dental caries a literature review |
| topic | dental caries dentinogenesis dentine enzymes |
| url | http://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2014/4/e3/v5n4e3ht.htm |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT markkularmas enzymesdentinogenesisanddentalcariesaliteraturereview AT georgekbsandor enzymesdentinogenesisanddentalcariesaliteraturereview |