A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites
This paper presents the light-scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles measured over the past decade at 28 ACTRIS observatories, which are located mainly in Europe. The data include particle light scattering (<i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub>) and hemispheric backscatter...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2018-06-01
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Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/7877/2018/acp-18-7877-2018.pdf |
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author | M. Pandolfi L. Alados-Arboledas A. Alastuey M. Andrade C. Angelov B. Artiñano J. Backman J. Backman U. Baltensperger P. Bonasoni N. Bukowiecki M. Collaud Coen S. Conil E. Coz V. Crenn V. Crenn V. Dudoitis M. Ealo K. Eleftheriadis O. Favez P. Fetfatzis M. Fiebig H. Flentje P. Ginot M. Gysel B. Henzing A. Hoffer A. Holubova Smejkalova A. Holubova Smejkalova I. Kalapov N. Kalivitis N. Kalivitis G. Kouvarakis A. Kristensson M. Kulmala H. Lihavainen C. Lunder K. Luoma H. Lyamani A. Marinoni N. Mihalopoulos N. Mihalopoulos M. Moerman J. Nicolas C. O'Dowd T. Petäjä J.-E. Petit J.-E. Petit J. M. Pichon N. Prokopciuk J.-P. Putaud S. Rodríguez J. Sciare J. Sciare K. Sellegri E. Swietlicki G. Titos T. Tuch P. Tunved V. Ulevicius A. Vaishya A. Vaishya M. Vana M. Vana A. Virkkula S. Vratolis E. Weingartner E. Weingartner A. Wiedensohler P. Laj P. Laj P. Laj |
author_facet | M. Pandolfi L. Alados-Arboledas A. Alastuey M. Andrade C. Angelov B. Artiñano J. Backman J. Backman U. Baltensperger P. Bonasoni N. Bukowiecki M. Collaud Coen S. Conil E. Coz V. Crenn V. Crenn V. Dudoitis M. Ealo K. Eleftheriadis O. Favez P. Fetfatzis M. Fiebig H. Flentje P. Ginot M. Gysel B. Henzing A. Hoffer A. Holubova Smejkalova A. Holubova Smejkalova I. Kalapov N. Kalivitis N. Kalivitis G. Kouvarakis A. Kristensson M. Kulmala H. Lihavainen C. Lunder K. Luoma H. Lyamani A. Marinoni N. Mihalopoulos N. Mihalopoulos M. Moerman J. Nicolas C. O'Dowd T. Petäjä J.-E. Petit J.-E. Petit J. M. Pichon N. Prokopciuk J.-P. Putaud S. Rodríguez J. Sciare J. Sciare K. Sellegri E. Swietlicki G. Titos T. Tuch P. Tunved V. Ulevicius A. Vaishya A. Vaishya M. Vana M. Vana A. Virkkula S. Vratolis E. Weingartner E. Weingartner A. Wiedensohler P. Laj P. Laj P. Laj |
author_sort | M. Pandolfi |
collection | DOAJ |
description | This paper presents the light-scattering properties of atmospheric
aerosol particles measured over the past decade at 28 ACTRIS observatories,
which are located mainly in Europe. The data include particle light
scattering (<i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub>) and hemispheric backscattering
(<i>σ</i><sub>bsp</sub>) coefficients, scattering Ångström exponent
(SAE), backscatter fraction (BF) and asymmetry parameter (<i>g</i>). An increasing
gradient of <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> is observed when moving from remote
environments (arctic/mountain) to regional and to urban environments. At a
regional level in Europe, <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> also increases when moving
from Nordic and Baltic countries and from western Europe to central/eastern
Europe, whereas no clear spatial gradient is observed for other station environments.
The SAE does not show a clear gradient as a function of the placement of the
station. However, a west-to-east-increasing gradient is observed for both
regional and mountain placements, suggesting a lower fraction of fine-mode
particle in western/south-western Europe compared to central and eastern
Europe, where the fine-mode particles dominate the scattering. The <i>g</i> does
not show any clear gradient by station placement or geographical location
reflecting the complex relationship of this parameter with the physical properties of the aerosol
particles. Both the station placement and the
geographical location are important factors affecting the intra-annual
variability. At mountain sites, higher <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> and SAE values
are measured in the summer due to the enhanced boundary layer influence
and/or new particle-formation episodes. Conversely, the lower horizontal and
vertical dispersion during winter leads to higher <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> values
at all low-altitude sites in central and eastern Europe compared to summer.
These sites also show SAE maxima in the summer (with corresponding <i>g</i>
minima). At all sites, both SAE and <i>g</i> show a strong variation with aerosol
particle loading. The lowest values of <i>g</i> are always observed together with
low <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> values, indicating a larger contribution from
particles in the smaller accumulation mode. During periods of high
<i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> values, the variation of <i>g</i> is less pronounced, whereas
the SAE increases or decreases, suggesting changes mostly in the coarse
aerosol particle mode rather than in the fine mode. Statistically significant
decreasing trends of <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> are observed at 5 out of the
13 stations included in the trend analyses. The total reductions of
<i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> are consistent with those reported for PM<sub>2.5</sub>
and PM<sub>10</sub> mass concentrations over similar periods across Europe. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:08:29Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-e052e6b6c59e4769be7991e9e56e3352 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:08:29Z |
publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
publisher | Copernicus Publications |
record_format | Article |
series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
spelling | doaj.art-e052e6b6c59e4769be7991e9e56e33522022-12-22T01:03:34ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242018-06-01187877791110.5194/acp-18-7877-2018A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sitesM. Pandolfi0L. Alados-Arboledas1A. Alastuey2M. Andrade3C. Angelov4B. Artiñano5J. Backman6J. Backman7U. Baltensperger8P. Bonasoni9N. Bukowiecki10M. Collaud Coen11S. Conil12E. Coz13V. Crenn14V. Crenn15V. Dudoitis16M. Ealo17K. Eleftheriadis18O. Favez19P. Fetfatzis20M. Fiebig21H. Flentje22P. Ginot23M. Gysel24B. Henzing25A. Hoffer26A. Holubova Smejkalova27A. Holubova Smejkalova28I. Kalapov29N. Kalivitis30N. Kalivitis31G. Kouvarakis32A. Kristensson33M. Kulmala34H. Lihavainen35C. Lunder36K. Luoma37H. Lyamani38A. Marinoni39N. Mihalopoulos40N. Mihalopoulos41M. Moerman42J. Nicolas43C. O'Dowd44T. Petäjä45J.-E. Petit46J.-E. Petit47J. M. Pichon48N. Prokopciuk49J.-P. Putaud50S. Rodríguez51J. Sciare52J. Sciare53K. Sellegri54E. Swietlicki55G. Titos56T. Tuch57P. Tunved58V. Ulevicius59A. Vaishya60A. Vaishya61M. Vana62M. Vana63A. Virkkula64S. Vratolis65E. Weingartner66E. Weingartner67A. Wiedensohler68P. Laj69P. Laj70P. Laj71Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, c/Jordi-Girona 18–26, 08034, Barcelona, SpainAndalusian Institute for Earth System Research, IISTA-CEAMA, University of Granada, Granada 18006, SpainInstitute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, c/Jordi-Girona 18–26, 08034, Barcelona, SpainAtmospheric Physics Laboratory, ALP, UMSA, Campus Cota Cota calle 27, Endifico FCPN piso 3, La Paz, BoliviaInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy by the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd, 1784 Sofia, BulgariaCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, Unidad Asociada en Contaminación Atmosférica, CIEMAT-CSIC, Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainUniversity of Helsinki, UHEL, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, FinlandFinnish Meteorological Institute, FMI, Erik Palmenin aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, FinlandPaul Scherrer Institut, PSI, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), OFLB,, 5232, Villigen PSI, SwitzerlandInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, ItalyPaul Scherrer Institut, PSI, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), OFLB,, 5232, Villigen PSI, SwitzerlandFederal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss, Chemin de l'aérologie, 1530 Payerne, SwitzerlandANDRA – DRD – Observation Surveillance, Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, Bure, FranceCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, Unidad Asociada en Contaminación Atmosférica, CIEMAT-CSIC, Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainLSCE-Orme point courrier 129 CEA-Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceADDAIR, BP 70207 – 189, rue Audemars, 78530, Buc, FranceSRI Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, CPST, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, LithuaniaInstitute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, c/Jordi-Girona 18–26, 08034, Barcelona, SpainInstitute of Nuclear & Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Athens, 15341, GreeceInstitut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil en Halatte, 60550, FranceInstitute of Nuclear & Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Athens, 15341, GreeceNorwegian Institute for Air Research, Atmosphere and Climate Department, NILU, Instituttveien 18, 2007, Kjeller, NorwayDeutscher Wetterdienst, Met. Obs. Hohenpeissenberg, 82383 Hohenpeissenberg, GermanyUniversity Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INPG, IGE 38000 Grenoble, FrancePaul Scherrer Institut, PSI, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), OFLB,, 5232, Villigen PSI, SwitzerlandTNO B&O, Princetonlaan 6, 3584TA, The Hague, the NetherlandsMTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group, Veszprém, P.O. Box 158, 8201, HungaryGlobal Change Research Institute AS CR, Belidla 4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech RepublicCzech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Sabatce 17, 143 06, Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy by the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd, 1784 Sofia, BulgariaEnvironmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, GreeceInstitute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (NOA), I. Metaxa & Vas. Pavlou, 15236 Palea Penteli, GreeceEnvironmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, GreeceLund University, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, SwedenUniversity of Helsinki, UHEL, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, FinlandFinnish Meteorological Institute, FMI, Erik Palmenin aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, FinlandNorwegian Institute for Air Research, Atmosphere and Climate Department, NILU, Instituttveien 18, 2007, Kjeller, NorwayUniversity of Helsinki, UHEL, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, FinlandAndalusian Institute for Earth System Research, IISTA-CEAMA, University of Granada, Granada 18006, SpainInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, ItalyEnvironmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, GreeceInstitute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (NOA), I. Metaxa & Vas. Pavlou, 15236 Palea Penteli, GreeceTNO B&O, Princetonlaan 6, 3584TA, The Hague, the NetherlandsCNRS-LaMP Université Blaise Pascal 4, Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubiere CEDEX, FranceSchool of Physics and Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, IrelandUniversity of Helsinki, UHEL, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, FinlandLSCE-Orme point courrier 129 CEA-Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceInstitut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil en Halatte, 60550, FranceCNRS-LaMP Université Blaise Pascal 4, Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubiere CEDEX, FranceSRI Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, CPST, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, LithuaniaEC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC-IES, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, ItalyAgencia Estatal de Meteorologia, AEMET, Izaña Atmospheric Research Center, La Marina 20, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainLSCE-Orme point courrier 129 CEA-Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Francenow at: EEWRC, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, CyprusCNRS-LaMP Université Blaise Pascal 4, Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubiere CEDEX, FranceLund University, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, SwedenAndalusian Institute for Earth System Research, IISTA-CEAMA, University of Granada, Granada 18006, SpainLeibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) and the Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, SwedenSRI Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, CPST, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10257, Vilnius, LithuaniaSchool of Physics and Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, IrelandSpace Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram – 695022, IndiaGlobal Change Research Institute AS CR, Belidla 4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech RepublicCzech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Sabatce 17, 143 06, Prague, Czech RepublicUniversity of Helsinki, UHEL, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, FinlandInstitute of Nuclear & Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Athens, 15341, GreecePaul Scherrer Institut, PSI, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), OFLB,, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerlandnow at: Institute for Aerosol and Sensor Technology, University of Applied Sciences (FHNW), Windisch, SwitzerlandLeibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, GermanyUniversity of Helsinki, UHEL, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, FinlandInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, ItalyUniversity Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INPG, IGE 38000 Grenoble, FranceThis paper presents the light-scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles measured over the past decade at 28 ACTRIS observatories, which are located mainly in Europe. The data include particle light scattering (<i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub>) and hemispheric backscattering (<i>σ</i><sub>bsp</sub>) coefficients, scattering Ångström exponent (SAE), backscatter fraction (BF) and asymmetry parameter (<i>g</i>). An increasing gradient of <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> is observed when moving from remote environments (arctic/mountain) to regional and to urban environments. At a regional level in Europe, <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> also increases when moving from Nordic and Baltic countries and from western Europe to central/eastern Europe, whereas no clear spatial gradient is observed for other station environments. The SAE does not show a clear gradient as a function of the placement of the station. However, a west-to-east-increasing gradient is observed for both regional and mountain placements, suggesting a lower fraction of fine-mode particle in western/south-western Europe compared to central and eastern Europe, where the fine-mode particles dominate the scattering. The <i>g</i> does not show any clear gradient by station placement or geographical location reflecting the complex relationship of this parameter with the physical properties of the aerosol particles. Both the station placement and the geographical location are important factors affecting the intra-annual variability. At mountain sites, higher <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> and SAE values are measured in the summer due to the enhanced boundary layer influence and/or new particle-formation episodes. Conversely, the lower horizontal and vertical dispersion during winter leads to higher <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> values at all low-altitude sites in central and eastern Europe compared to summer. These sites also show SAE maxima in the summer (with corresponding <i>g</i> minima). At all sites, both SAE and <i>g</i> show a strong variation with aerosol particle loading. The lowest values of <i>g</i> are always observed together with low <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> values, indicating a larger contribution from particles in the smaller accumulation mode. During periods of high <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> values, the variation of <i>g</i> is less pronounced, whereas the SAE increases or decreases, suggesting changes mostly in the coarse aerosol particle mode rather than in the fine mode. Statistically significant decreasing trends of <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> are observed at 5 out of the 13 stations included in the trend analyses. The total reductions of <i>σ</i><sub>sp</sub> are consistent with those reported for PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> mass concentrations over similar periods across Europe.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/7877/2018/acp-18-7877-2018.pdf |
spellingShingle | M. Pandolfi L. Alados-Arboledas A. Alastuey M. Andrade C. Angelov B. Artiñano J. Backman J. Backman U. Baltensperger P. Bonasoni N. Bukowiecki M. Collaud Coen S. Conil E. Coz V. Crenn V. Crenn V. Dudoitis M. Ealo K. Eleftheriadis O. Favez P. Fetfatzis M. Fiebig H. Flentje P. Ginot M. Gysel B. Henzing A. Hoffer A. Holubova Smejkalova A. Holubova Smejkalova I. Kalapov N. Kalivitis N. Kalivitis G. Kouvarakis A. Kristensson M. Kulmala H. Lihavainen C. Lunder K. Luoma H. Lyamani A. Marinoni N. Mihalopoulos N. Mihalopoulos M. Moerman J. Nicolas C. O'Dowd T. Petäjä J.-E. Petit J.-E. Petit J. M. Pichon N. Prokopciuk J.-P. Putaud S. Rodríguez J. Sciare J. Sciare K. Sellegri E. Swietlicki G. Titos T. Tuch P. Tunved V. Ulevicius A. Vaishya A. Vaishya M. Vana M. Vana A. Virkkula S. Vratolis E. Weingartner E. Weingartner A. Wiedensohler P. Laj P. Laj P. Laj A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
title | A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites |
title_full | A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites |
title_fullStr | A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites |
title_full_unstemmed | A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites |
title_short | A European aerosol phenomenology – 6: scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 ACTRIS sites |
title_sort | a european aerosol phenomenology 6 scattering properties of atmospheric aerosol particles from 28 actris sites |
url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/7877/2018/acp-18-7877-2018.pdf |
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