Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios
Data collection is a key scenario for the Internet of Things because it enables gathering sensor data from distributed nodes that use low-power and long-range wireless technologies to communicate in a single-hop approach. In this kind of scenario, the network is composed of one coordinator that cove...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2014-07-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/8/13416 |
| _version_ | 1828151280235708416 |
|---|---|
| author | Pere Tuset-Peiro Francisco Vazquez-Gallego Jesus Alonso-Zarate Luis Alonso Xavier Vilajosana |
| author_facet | Pere Tuset-Peiro Francisco Vazquez-Gallego Jesus Alonso-Zarate Luis Alonso Xavier Vilajosana |
| author_sort | Pere Tuset-Peiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Data collection is a key scenario for the Internet of Things because it enables gathering sensor data from distributed nodes that use low-power and long-range wireless technologies to communicate in a single-hop approach. In this kind of scenario, the network is composed of one coordinator that covers a particular area and a large number of nodes, typically hundreds or thousands, that transmit data to the coordinator upon request. Considering this scenario, in this paper we experimentally validate the energy consumption of two Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols, Frame Slotted ALOHA (FSA) and Distributed Queuing (DQ). We model both protocols as a state machine and conduct experiments to measure the average energy consumption in each state and the average number of times that a node has to be in each state in order to transmit a data packet to the coordinator. The results show that FSA is more energy efficient than DQ if the number of nodes is known a priori because the number of slots per frame can be adjusted accordingly. However, in such scenarios the number of nodes cannot be easily anticipated, leading to additional packet collisions and a higher energy consumption due to retransmissions. Contrarily, DQ does not require to know the number of nodes in advance because it is able to efficiently construct an ad hoc network schedule for each collection round. This kind of a schedule ensures that there are no packet collisions during data transmission, thus leading to an energy consumption reduction above 10% compared to FSA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:55:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0534c69d9364728931008d9ddb214d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:55:18Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0534c69d9364728931008d9ddb214d52022-12-22T04:01:07ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202014-07-01148134161343610.3390/s140813416s140813416Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection ScenariosPere Tuset-Peiro0Francisco Vazquez-Gallego1Jesus Alonso-Zarate2Luis Alonso3Xavier Vilajosana4Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) C/Roc Boronat 117, Barcelona 08018, SpainDepartment, Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC) Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 7, Castelldefels 08860, SpainDepartment, Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC) Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 7, Castelldefels 08860, SpainSignal Theory and Communications Group, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC) Av. Esteve Terradas 7, C4-204, Castelldefels 08860, SpainInternet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) C/Roc Boronat 117, Barcelona 08018, SpainData collection is a key scenario for the Internet of Things because it enables gathering sensor data from distributed nodes that use low-power and long-range wireless technologies to communicate in a single-hop approach. In this kind of scenario, the network is composed of one coordinator that covers a particular area and a large number of nodes, typically hundreds or thousands, that transmit data to the coordinator upon request. Considering this scenario, in this paper we experimentally validate the energy consumption of two Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols, Frame Slotted ALOHA (FSA) and Distributed Queuing (DQ). We model both protocols as a state machine and conduct experiments to measure the average energy consumption in each state and the average number of times that a node has to be in each state in order to transmit a data packet to the coordinator. The results show that FSA is more energy efficient than DQ if the number of nodes is known a priori because the number of slots per frame can be adjusted accordingly. However, in such scenarios the number of nodes cannot be easily anticipated, leading to additional packet collisions and a higher energy consumption due to retransmissions. Contrarily, DQ does not require to know the number of nodes in advance because it is able to efficiently construct an ad hoc network schedule for each collection round. This kind of a schedule ensures that there are no packet collisions during data transmission, thus leading to an energy consumption reduction above 10% compared to FSA.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/8/13416energy consumptiondata collectionmedium access controlframe slotted ALOHAdistributed queuing |
| spellingShingle | Pere Tuset-Peiro Francisco Vazquez-Gallego Jesus Alonso-Zarate Luis Alonso Xavier Vilajosana Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios Sensors energy consumption data collection medium access control frame slotted ALOHA distributed queuing |
| title | Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios |
| title_full | Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios |
| title_short | Experimental Energy Consumption of Frame Slotted ALOHA and Distributed Queuing for Data Collection Scenarios |
| title_sort | experimental energy consumption of frame slotted aloha and distributed queuing for data collection scenarios |
| topic | energy consumption data collection medium access control frame slotted ALOHA distributed queuing |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/8/13416 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT peretusetpeiro experimentalenergyconsumptionofframeslottedalohaanddistributedqueuingfordatacollectionscenarios AT franciscovazquezgallego experimentalenergyconsumptionofframeslottedalohaanddistributedqueuingfordatacollectionscenarios AT jesusalonsozarate experimentalenergyconsumptionofframeslottedalohaanddistributedqueuingfordatacollectionscenarios AT luisalonso experimentalenergyconsumptionofframeslottedalohaanddistributedqueuingfordatacollectionscenarios AT xaviervilajosana experimentalenergyconsumptionofframeslottedalohaanddistributedqueuingfordatacollectionscenarios |