Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture
The use of organic soils by agriculture involves drainage and tillage, and the resulting increase in C and N turnover can significantly affect their greenhouse gas balance. This study estimated annual fluxes of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration (<...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/403/2012/bg-9-403-2012.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818530421843951616 |
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| author | S. O. Petersen C. C. Hoffmann C.-M. Schäfer G. Blicher-Mathiesen L. Elsgaard K. Kristensen S. E. Larsen S. B. Torp M. H. Greve |
| author_facet | S. O. Petersen C. C. Hoffmann C.-M. Schäfer G. Blicher-Mathiesen L. Elsgaard K. Kristensen S. E. Larsen S. B. Torp M. H. Greve |
| author_sort | S. O. Petersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of organic soils by agriculture involves drainage and tillage, and
the resulting increase in C and N turnover can significantly affect their
greenhouse gas balance. This study estimated annual fluxes of CH<sub>4</sub> and
N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration (<i>R</i><sub>eco</sub>), from eight organic soils
managed by agriculture. The sites were located in three regions representing
different landscape types and climatic conditions, and three land use
categories were covered (arable crops, AR, grass in rotation, RG, and permanent
grass, PG). The normal management at each site was followed, except that no N
inputs occurred during the monitoring period from August 2008 to October
2009. The stratified sampling strategy further included six sampling points
in three blocks at each site. Environmental variables (precipitation, PAR,
air and soil temperature, soil moisture, groundwater level) were monitored
continuously and during sampling campaigns, where also groundwater samples
were taken for analysis. Gaseous fluxes were monitored on a three-weekly
basis, giving 51, 49 and 38 field campaigns for land use categories AR, PG and
RG, respectively. Climatic conditions in each region during monitoring were
representative as compared to 20-yr averages. Peat layers were shallow,
typically 0.5 to 1 m, and with a pH of 4 to 5. At six sites annual
emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O were in the range 3 to 24 kg N<sub>2</sub>O-N ha<sup>−1</sup>, but
at two arable sites (spring barley, potato) net emissions of 38 and 61 kg
N<sub>2</sub>O-N ha<sup>−1</sup> were recorded. The two high-emitting sites were
characterized by fluctuating groundwater, low soil pH and elevated
groundwater SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> concentrations. Annual fluxes of CH<sub>4</sub> were
generally small, as expected, ranging from 2 to 4 kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>−1</sup>.
However, two permanent grasslands had tussocks of <i>Juncus effusus</i> L. (soft rush) in
sampling points that were consistent sources of CH<sub>4</sub> throughout the
year. Emission factors for organic soils in rotation and with permanent
grass, respectively, were estimated to be 0.011 and 0.47 g m<sup>−2</sup> for
CH<sub>4</sub>, and 2.5 and 0.5 g m<sup>−2</sup> for N<sub>2</sub>O. This first documentation
of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from managed organic soils in Denmark
confirms the levels and wide ranges of emissions previously reported for the
Nordic countries. However, the stratified experimental design also
identified links between gaseous emissions and site-specific conditions with
respect to soil, groundwater and vegetation which point to areas of future
research that may account for part of the variability and hence lead to
improved emission factors or models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:19:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e05cf1ec0df9437098583bc37c8adaed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:19:28Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e05cf1ec0df9437098583bc37c8adaed2022-12-22T00:57:12ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892012-01-019140342210.5194/bg-9-403-2012Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agricultureS. O. Petersen0C. C. Hoffmann1C.-M. Schäfer2G. Blicher-Mathiesen3L. Elsgaard4K. Kristensen5S. E. Larsen6S. B. Torp7M. H. Greve8Dept. Agroecology, Aarhus University, P.O.~Box 50, Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, DenmarkDept. Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, DenmarkDept. Agroecology, Aarhus University, P.O.~Box 50, Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, DenmarkDept. Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, DenmarkDept. Agroecology, Aarhus University, P.O.~Box 50, Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, DenmarkDept. Agroecology, Aarhus University, P.O.~Box 50, Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, DenmarkDept. Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, DenmarkDept. Agroecology, Aarhus University, P.O.~Box 50, Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, DenmarkDept. Agroecology, Aarhus University, P.O.~Box 50, Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, DenmarkThe use of organic soils by agriculture involves drainage and tillage, and the resulting increase in C and N turnover can significantly affect their greenhouse gas balance. This study estimated annual fluxes of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration (<i>R</i><sub>eco</sub>), from eight organic soils managed by agriculture. The sites were located in three regions representing different landscape types and climatic conditions, and three land use categories were covered (arable crops, AR, grass in rotation, RG, and permanent grass, PG). The normal management at each site was followed, except that no N inputs occurred during the monitoring period from August 2008 to October 2009. The stratified sampling strategy further included six sampling points in three blocks at each site. Environmental variables (precipitation, PAR, air and soil temperature, soil moisture, groundwater level) were monitored continuously and during sampling campaigns, where also groundwater samples were taken for analysis. Gaseous fluxes were monitored on a three-weekly basis, giving 51, 49 and 38 field campaigns for land use categories AR, PG and RG, respectively. Climatic conditions in each region during monitoring were representative as compared to 20-yr averages. Peat layers were shallow, typically 0.5 to 1 m, and with a pH of 4 to 5. At six sites annual emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O were in the range 3 to 24 kg N<sub>2</sub>O-N ha<sup>−1</sup>, but at two arable sites (spring barley, potato) net emissions of 38 and 61 kg N<sub>2</sub>O-N ha<sup>−1</sup> were recorded. The two high-emitting sites were characterized by fluctuating groundwater, low soil pH and elevated groundwater SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> concentrations. Annual fluxes of CH<sub>4</sub> were generally small, as expected, ranging from 2 to 4 kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>−1</sup>. However, two permanent grasslands had tussocks of <i>Juncus effusus</i> L. (soft rush) in sampling points that were consistent sources of CH<sub>4</sub> throughout the year. Emission factors for organic soils in rotation and with permanent grass, respectively, were estimated to be 0.011 and 0.47 g m<sup>−2</sup> for CH<sub>4</sub>, and 2.5 and 0.5 g m<sup>−2</sup> for N<sub>2</sub>O. This first documentation of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from managed organic soils in Denmark confirms the levels and wide ranges of emissions previously reported for the Nordic countries. However, the stratified experimental design also identified links between gaseous emissions and site-specific conditions with respect to soil, groundwater and vegetation which point to areas of future research that may account for part of the variability and hence lead to improved emission factors or models.http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/403/2012/bg-9-403-2012.pdf |
| spellingShingle | S. O. Petersen C. C. Hoffmann C.-M. Schäfer G. Blicher-Mathiesen L. Elsgaard K. Kristensen S. E. Larsen S. B. Torp M. H. Greve Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture Biogeosciences |
| title | Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture |
| title_full | Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture |
| title_fullStr | Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture |
| title_short | Annual emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, and ecosystem respiration, from eight organic soils in Western Denmark managed by agriculture |
| title_sort | annual emissions of ch sub 4 sub and n sub 2 sub o and ecosystem respiration from eight organic soils in western denmark managed by agriculture |
| url | http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/403/2012/bg-9-403-2012.pdf |
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