Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the lentivirus of domestic cats responsible for feline AIDS, establishes a latent infection<strong> </strong>in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells approximately eight months after experimental inoculation. In this study, cats experimentally...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2012-05-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/5/878 |
| _version_ | 1819037106793611264 |
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| author | Brian G. Murphy Samantha J. McDonnel Ellen E. Sparger Paul A. Luciw |
| author_facet | Brian G. Murphy Samantha J. McDonnel Ellen E. Sparger Paul A. Luciw |
| author_sort | Brian G. Murphy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the lentivirus of domestic cats responsible for feline AIDS, establishes a latent infection<strong> </strong>in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells approximately eight months after experimental inoculation. In this study, cats experimentally infected with the FIV-C strain in the asymptomatic phase demonstrated an estimated viral load of 1 infected cell per approximately 10<sup>3</sup> CD4+ T-cells, with about 1 copy of viral DNA per cell. Approximately 1 in 10 proviral copies was capable of transcription in the asymptomatic phase. The latent FIV proviral promoter was associated with deacetylated, methylated histones, which is consistent with a condensed chromatin structure. In contrast, the transcriptionally active FIV promoter was associated with histone acetylation and demethylation. In addition, RNA polymerase II appeared to be paused on the latent viral promoter, and short promoter-proximal transcripts were detected. Our findings for the FIV promoter in infected cats are similar to results obtained in studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 latent proviruses in cell culture <em>in vitro</em> studies. Thus, the FIV/cat model may offer insights into <em>in vivo</em> mechanisms of HIV latency and provides a unique opportunity to test novel therapeutic interventions aimed at eradicating latent virus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:16:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e064e4a2aa5146d7bd4539b60a8e6e39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:16:09Z |
| publishDate | 2012-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-e064e4a2aa5146d7bd4539b60a8e6e392022-12-21T19:10:33ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152012-05-014587888810.3390/v4050878Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytesBrian G. MurphySamantha J. McDonnelEllen E. SpargerPaul A. LuciwFeline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the lentivirus of domestic cats responsible for feline AIDS, establishes a latent infection<strong> </strong>in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells approximately eight months after experimental inoculation. In this study, cats experimentally infected with the FIV-C strain in the asymptomatic phase demonstrated an estimated viral load of 1 infected cell per approximately 10<sup>3</sup> CD4+ T-cells, with about 1 copy of viral DNA per cell. Approximately 1 in 10 proviral copies was capable of transcription in the asymptomatic phase. The latent FIV proviral promoter was associated with deacetylated, methylated histones, which is consistent with a condensed chromatin structure. In contrast, the transcriptionally active FIV promoter was associated with histone acetylation and demethylation. In addition, RNA polymerase II appeared to be paused on the latent viral promoter, and short promoter-proximal transcripts were detected. Our findings for the FIV promoter in infected cats are similar to results obtained in studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 latent proviruses in cell culture <em>in vitro</em> studies. Thus, the FIV/cat model may offer insights into <em>in vivo</em> mechanisms of HIV latency and provides a unique opportunity to test novel therapeutic interventions aimed at eradicating latent virus.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/5/878FIVlatencylentiviruschromatintranscriptionCD4 T-cells |
| spellingShingle | Brian G. Murphy Samantha J. McDonnel Ellen E. Sparger Paul A. Luciw Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes Viruses FIV latency lentivirus chromatin transcription CD4 T-cells |
| title | Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes |
| title_full | Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes |
| title_short | Transcriptional Regulation of Latent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocytes |
| title_sort | transcriptional regulation of latent feline immunodeficiency virus in peripheral cd4 t lymphocytes |
| topic | FIV latency lentivirus chromatin transcription CD4 T-cells |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/5/878 |
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