Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation
Abstract This paper presents an approach for designing metasurface antennas using the characteristic mode analysis method for 5G mm-wave multiple input–multiple output (MIMO) systems. The proposed metasurface antenna consists of a 3 × 3 array of modified patches with additional slits and stubs, whic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58794-1 |
| _version_ | 1797219899431452672 |
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| author | Hamed Hamlbar Gerami Robab Kazemi Aly E. Fathy |
| author_facet | Hamed Hamlbar Gerami Robab Kazemi Aly E. Fathy |
| author_sort | Hamed Hamlbar Gerami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This paper presents an approach for designing metasurface antennas using the characteristic mode analysis method for 5G mm-wave multiple input–multiple output (MIMO) systems. The proposed metasurface antenna consists of a 3 × 3 array of modified patches with additional slits and stubs, which are fed by a coupling slot. This configuration reshapes surface currents and improves the radiation performance across a broad frequency range. The design offers significant advantages such as reduced antenna size, minimized influence of higher-order modes, and maintained low cross-polarization (XP) level. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed metasurface-based slot antenna provides a bandwidth of 29.6% (23–31 GHz) with a return loss better than 10 dB. It achieves a peak gain of 9.43 dB and exhibits an XP level below − 26 dB and − 48 dB at $$\varphi = 0^{ \circ }$$ φ = 0 ∘ and $$\varphi = 90^{ \circ }$$ φ = 90 ∘ planes, respectively. The physical dimensions of the antenna are 0.9λ0 × 0.9λ0 × 0.08λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 27 GHz, resulting in an approximately 41% reduction compared to the conventional metasurface patch antenna. Moreover, the design proves to be well-suited for MIMO systems, enabling close placement of antenna elements without degrading their radiation patterns. The experimental results in 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 MIMO configurations represent that the isolation between antenna elements are better than 18 dB and 21 dB, respectively. The performance of the antennas remains stable in both configurations, effectively addressing concerns such as beam squint and eliminating the common issue of beam splitting observed in conventional metasurface MIMO antennas. Moreover, the envelope correlation coefficient value in both MIMO configurations is lower than 0.003. This significant advancement offers a promising solution for compact 5G mm-wave massive MIMO applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T12:40:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e08d29a378894fe8954a7711b2d9909e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T12:40:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-e08d29a378894fe8954a7711b2d9909e2024-04-07T11:17:12ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-04-0114111810.1038/s41598-024-58794-1Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulationHamed Hamlbar Gerami0Robab Kazemi1Aly E. Fathy2Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of TabrizFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of TabrizDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of TennesseeAbstract This paper presents an approach for designing metasurface antennas using the characteristic mode analysis method for 5G mm-wave multiple input–multiple output (MIMO) systems. The proposed metasurface antenna consists of a 3 × 3 array of modified patches with additional slits and stubs, which are fed by a coupling slot. This configuration reshapes surface currents and improves the radiation performance across a broad frequency range. The design offers significant advantages such as reduced antenna size, minimized influence of higher-order modes, and maintained low cross-polarization (XP) level. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed metasurface-based slot antenna provides a bandwidth of 29.6% (23–31 GHz) with a return loss better than 10 dB. It achieves a peak gain of 9.43 dB and exhibits an XP level below − 26 dB and − 48 dB at $$\varphi = 0^{ \circ }$$ φ = 0 ∘ and $$\varphi = 90^{ \circ }$$ φ = 90 ∘ planes, respectively. The physical dimensions of the antenna are 0.9λ0 × 0.9λ0 × 0.08λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 27 GHz, resulting in an approximately 41% reduction compared to the conventional metasurface patch antenna. Moreover, the design proves to be well-suited for MIMO systems, enabling close placement of antenna elements without degrading their radiation patterns. The experimental results in 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 MIMO configurations represent that the isolation between antenna elements are better than 18 dB and 21 dB, respectively. The performance of the antennas remains stable in both configurations, effectively addressing concerns such as beam squint and eliminating the common issue of beam splitting observed in conventional metasurface MIMO antennas. Moreover, the envelope correlation coefficient value in both MIMO configurations is lower than 0.003. This significant advancement offers a promising solution for compact 5G mm-wave massive MIMO applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58794-1Characteristic mode analysis (CMA)Metasurface antennaMIMO antennaSuppressed cross-polarization (XP)5G mm-wave |
| spellingShingle | Hamed Hamlbar Gerami Robab Kazemi Aly E. Fathy Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation Scientific Reports Characteristic mode analysis (CMA) Metasurface antenna MIMO antenna Suppressed cross-polarization (XP) 5G mm-wave |
| title | Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation |
| title_full | Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation |
| title_fullStr | Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation |
| title_short | Development of a metasurface-based slot antenna for 5G MIMO applications with minimized cross-polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation |
| title_sort | development of a metasurface based slot antenna for 5g mimo applications with minimized cross polarization and stable radiation patterns through mode manipulation |
| topic | Characteristic mode analysis (CMA) Metasurface antenna MIMO antenna Suppressed cross-polarization (XP) 5G mm-wave |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58794-1 |
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