Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber
In this work, we report the experimental study of a Q-switched optical fiber laser based on graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) as saturable absorber (SA). GOQDs are fabricated by carbonization and exfoliation electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. The results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023073449 |
| _version_ | 1797646620679995392 |
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| author | P. Zaca-Morán Celia L. Gomez O. Zaca Morán J.G. Ortega-Mendoza E.S. Pola-López |
| author_facet | P. Zaca-Morán Celia L. Gomez O. Zaca Morán J.G. Ortega-Mendoza E.S. Pola-López |
| author_sort | P. Zaca-Morán |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, we report the experimental study of a Q-switched optical fiber laser based on graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) as saturable absorber (SA). GOQDs are fabricated by carbonization and exfoliation electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. The results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed bands caused by the CHs and CO groups associated with the GOQDs. The Raman spectrum showed the typical G and D bands of GOQDs. The size of the GOQDs, calculated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was 6 nm; additionally, by high resolution TEM (HRTEM), an interplanar distance of 0.19 nm corresponding to the (002) direction of the graphene oxide was calculated. The SA was achieved using the photodeposition technique of the GOQDs onto the core of a single-mode optical fiber. The nonlinear characterization (NLC) of the GOQDs was carried out using the P-scan technique with a high-gain erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The obtained results showed a saturable absorption behavior with a value of β=−1.178x10−6(m/W) and a non-linear susceptibility of Im(χ(3))≈−1.573x10−7(esu). The experimental results of the SA, based on GOQDs as a switching device in a fiber laser, showed a typical behavior of a Q-switched laser by generating a pulsed emission at a wavelength of 1599 nm, a frequency from 2 to 16 kHz, and a maximum average output power of 1.3 mW. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:04:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0a189c7714a488e90c4bccf286671c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:04:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0a189c7714a488e90c4bccf286671c52023-10-30T06:05:25ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-10-01910e20136Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorberP. Zaca-Morán0Celia L. Gomez1O. Zaca Morán2J.G. Ortega-Mendoza3E.S. Pola-López4Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CP 72050, Puebla, Mexico; Corresponding author.Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CP 72050, Puebla, MexicoInstituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Ex–Hacienda de San Juan Molino, Km 1.5 de la Carretera Estatal Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla, Tepetitla, CP 90700, Tlaxcala, MexicoDivisión de Posgrado, Universidad Politécnica de Tulancingo, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, CP 43629, MexicoTecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Maestría en Ciencias en Ingeniería Mecatrónica, CP 29050, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, MexicoIn this work, we report the experimental study of a Q-switched optical fiber laser based on graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) as saturable absorber (SA). GOQDs are fabricated by carbonization and exfoliation electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. The results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed bands caused by the CHs and CO groups associated with the GOQDs. The Raman spectrum showed the typical G and D bands of GOQDs. The size of the GOQDs, calculated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was 6 nm; additionally, by high resolution TEM (HRTEM), an interplanar distance of 0.19 nm corresponding to the (002) direction of the graphene oxide was calculated. The SA was achieved using the photodeposition technique of the GOQDs onto the core of a single-mode optical fiber. The nonlinear characterization (NLC) of the GOQDs was carried out using the P-scan technique with a high-gain erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The obtained results showed a saturable absorption behavior with a value of β=−1.178x10−6(m/W) and a non-linear susceptibility of Im(χ(3))≈−1.573x10−7(esu). The experimental results of the SA, based on GOQDs as a switching device in a fiber laser, showed a typical behavior of a Q-switched laser by generating a pulsed emission at a wavelength of 1599 nm, a frequency from 2 to 16 kHz, and a maximum average output power of 1.3 mW.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023073449Graphene oxideQuantum dotsOptical fibersNonlinear characterizationNonlinear susceptibility |
| spellingShingle | P. Zaca-Morán Celia L. Gomez O. Zaca Morán J.G. Ortega-Mendoza E.S. Pola-López Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber Heliyon Graphene oxide Quantum dots Optical fibers Nonlinear characterization Nonlinear susceptibility |
| title | Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber |
| title_full | Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber |
| title_fullStr | Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber |
| title_short | Short-pulsed Q-switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber |
| title_sort | short pulsed q switched fiber laser using graphene oxide quantum dots based as saturable absorber |
| topic | Graphene oxide Quantum dots Optical fibers Nonlinear characterization Nonlinear susceptibility |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023073449 |
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