Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System
This paper presents an optimum layout method of a low-power, digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) for a Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver in a 4G/5G LTE system. For the optimal LC-based DCO layout, three different layouts, including different g<sub>m</sub> cell locations and an Al...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1059 |
| _version_ | 1797407800866897920 |
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| author | Min-Su Kim Sang-Sun Yoo |
| author_facet | Min-Su Kim Sang-Sun Yoo |
| author_sort | Min-Su Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents an optimum layout method of a low-power, digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) for a Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver in a 4G/5G LTE system. For the optimal LC-based DCO layout, three different layouts, including different g<sub>m</sub> cell locations and an Al metal layer, were implemented, and performance was compared and verified for BLE application. The implemented neck DCO (NDCO), where the g<sub>m</sub> cell is located in the neck of the main inductor, showed superior performance compared to other layouts in terms of low phase noise and low power consumption. The designed NDCO had a low phase noise of −116.1 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz with a 0.5 mW power consumption. The supply voltage and oscillation frequency range were 0.8 V and 4.7–5.7 GHz, respectively, and the NDCO designed with the optimal layout had a good figure-of-merit of −192.6 dBc/Hz. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:46:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0aa33f04dbf496082e6732fecb92e30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:46:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0aa33f04dbf496082e6732fecb92e302023-12-03T14:33:37ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-01-01113105910.3390/app11031059Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE SystemMin-Su Kim0Sang-Sun Yoo1Department of Digital Electronics, Daelim University College, 29 Imgok-ro, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si 13916, KoreaDepartment of Smart Automobile, Pyeongtaek University, Pyeongtaek 17869, KoreaThis paper presents an optimum layout method of a low-power, digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) for a Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver in a 4G/5G LTE system. For the optimal LC-based DCO layout, three different layouts, including different g<sub>m</sub> cell locations and an Al metal layer, were implemented, and performance was compared and verified for BLE application. The implemented neck DCO (NDCO), where the g<sub>m</sub> cell is located in the neck of the main inductor, showed superior performance compared to other layouts in terms of low phase noise and low power consumption. The designed NDCO had a low phase noise of −116.1 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz with a 0.5 mW power consumption. The supply voltage and oscillation frequency range were 0.8 V and 4.7–5.7 GHz, respectively, and the NDCO designed with the optimal layout had a good figure-of-merit of −192.6 dBc/Hz.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1059bluetooth low energy (BLE) transceiverdigitally controlled oscillator (DCO)g<sub>m</sub> celllayoutIoT4G/5G LTE |
| spellingShingle | Min-Su Kim Sang-Sun Yoo Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System Applied Sciences bluetooth low energy (BLE) transceiver digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) g<sub>m</sub> cell layout IoT 4G/5G LTE |
| title | Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System |
| title_full | Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System |
| title_fullStr | Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System |
| title_short | Optimum Layout of Low Power LC-Based Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Bluetooth Low Energy in a 4G/5G LTE System |
| title_sort | optimum layout of low power lc based digitally controlled oscillator for bluetooth low energy in a 4g 5g lte system |
| topic | bluetooth low energy (BLE) transceiver digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) g<sub>m</sub> cell layout IoT 4G/5G LTE |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1059 |
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