Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes
This study evaluated clinical features of individuals with long COVID (5–8 months after diagnosis) who reported sleep and memory problems (62 cases) compared to those without (52 controls). Both groups had a similar mean age (41 vs. 39 years). Around 86% of the participants were non-hospitalized at...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/16669.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797336006102351872 |
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| author | Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida Pedro Henrique Araújo Lacerda Edson Pereira de Oliveira Mariah Eduarda Ferreira de Oliveira Yngrid Sallaberry Silva Vianna Amanda Machado Costa Eloísa Pereira dos Santos Louise Marie Coelho Guérard Matheus Augusto de Miranda Ferreira Isabel Cristina Rodrigues dos Santos Jéssica Daniele da Silva Gonçalves Gabriel Ginani Ferreira Simoneide Souza Titze-de-Almeida Pedro Renato de Paula Brandão Helena Eri Shimizu Andrezza Paula Brito Silva Raimundo Nonato Delgado-Rodrigues Research Center for Major Themes–COVID-19 group |
| author_facet | Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida Pedro Henrique Araújo Lacerda Edson Pereira de Oliveira Mariah Eduarda Ferreira de Oliveira Yngrid Sallaberry Silva Vianna Amanda Machado Costa Eloísa Pereira dos Santos Louise Marie Coelho Guérard Matheus Augusto de Miranda Ferreira Isabel Cristina Rodrigues dos Santos Jéssica Daniele da Silva Gonçalves Gabriel Ginani Ferreira Simoneide Souza Titze-de-Almeida Pedro Renato de Paula Brandão Helena Eri Shimizu Andrezza Paula Brito Silva Raimundo Nonato Delgado-Rodrigues Research Center for Major Themes–COVID-19 group |
| author_sort | Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluated clinical features of individuals with long COVID (5–8 months after diagnosis) who reported sleep and memory problems (62 cases) compared to those without (52 controls). Both groups had a similar mean age (41 vs. 39 years). Around 86% of the participants were non-hospitalized at the time of infection, and none of them were vaccinated at that point. Subsequently, both cases and controls received the vaccine; however, the vaccination rates differed significantly between the groups (30.7% vs. 51.0%). Cases and controls had similar rates of symptoms at acute COVID phase. However, cases were more likely to experience coryza, dyspnea, headache, and nausea/vomiting during long COVID. Regarding new-onset symptoms in long COVID, 12.9% of cases had dyspnea, and 14.5% experienced nausea/vomiting, whereas in the control group there were only 1.9% and 0.0%, respectively. Cases also had a significantly higher prevalence of persistent headache (22.6% vs. 7.7%), and dyspnea (12.9% vs. 0.0). In addition, cases also showed an increased rate of mental health complaints: disability in daily activities (45.2% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001); concentration/sustained attention difficulties (74.2% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001); anxiety–Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2) ≥ 3 (66.1% vs. 34.6%; P = 0.0013); and “post-COVID sadness” (82.3% vs. 40.4%; P < 0.001). We observed a significant correlation between sadness and anxiety in cases, which was not observed in controls (P=0.0212; Spearman correlation test). Furthermore, the frequency of concomitant sadness and anxiety was markedly higher in cases compared to controls (59.7% vs. 19.2%) (P < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney test). These findings highlight a noteworthy association between sadness and anxiety specifically in cases. In conclusion, our data identified concurrent psychological phenotypes in individuals experiencing sleep and memory disturbances during long COVID. This strengthens the existing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes widespread brain pathology with interconnected phenotypic clusters. This finding highlights the need for comprehensive medical attention to address these complex issues, as well as major investments in testing strategies capable of preventing the development of long COVID sequelae, such as vaccination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:47:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0abf2d835e24bfca3bea3af9b335356 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:47:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0abf2d835e24bfca3bea3af9b3353562024-02-01T15:05:09ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592024-01-0112e1666910.7717/peerj.16669Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypesRicardo Titze-de-Almeida0Pedro Henrique Araújo Lacerda1Edson Pereira de Oliveira2Mariah Eduarda Ferreira de Oliveira3Yngrid Sallaberry Silva Vianna4Amanda Machado Costa5Eloísa Pereira dos Santos6Louise Marie Coelho Guérard7Matheus Augusto de Miranda Ferreira8Isabel Cristina Rodrigues dos Santos9Jéssica Daniele da Silva Gonçalves10Gabriel Ginani Ferreira11Simoneide Souza Titze-de-Almeida12Pedro Renato de Paula Brandão13Helena Eri Shimizu14Andrezza Paula Brito Silva15Raimundo Nonato Delgado-Rodrigues16Research Center for Major Themes–COVID-19 groupCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilDepartment of Collective Health, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilCentral Institute of Sciences, Research Center for Major Themes, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, BrazilThis study evaluated clinical features of individuals with long COVID (5–8 months after diagnosis) who reported sleep and memory problems (62 cases) compared to those without (52 controls). Both groups had a similar mean age (41 vs. 39 years). Around 86% of the participants were non-hospitalized at the time of infection, and none of them were vaccinated at that point. Subsequently, both cases and controls received the vaccine; however, the vaccination rates differed significantly between the groups (30.7% vs. 51.0%). Cases and controls had similar rates of symptoms at acute COVID phase. However, cases were more likely to experience coryza, dyspnea, headache, and nausea/vomiting during long COVID. Regarding new-onset symptoms in long COVID, 12.9% of cases had dyspnea, and 14.5% experienced nausea/vomiting, whereas in the control group there were only 1.9% and 0.0%, respectively. Cases also had a significantly higher prevalence of persistent headache (22.6% vs. 7.7%), and dyspnea (12.9% vs. 0.0). In addition, cases also showed an increased rate of mental health complaints: disability in daily activities (45.2% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001); concentration/sustained attention difficulties (74.2% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001); anxiety–Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2) ≥ 3 (66.1% vs. 34.6%; P = 0.0013); and “post-COVID sadness” (82.3% vs. 40.4%; P < 0.001). We observed a significant correlation between sadness and anxiety in cases, which was not observed in controls (P=0.0212; Spearman correlation test). Furthermore, the frequency of concomitant sadness and anxiety was markedly higher in cases compared to controls (59.7% vs. 19.2%) (P < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney test). These findings highlight a noteworthy association between sadness and anxiety specifically in cases. In conclusion, our data identified concurrent psychological phenotypes in individuals experiencing sleep and memory disturbances during long COVID. This strengthens the existing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes widespread brain pathology with interconnected phenotypic clusters. This finding highlights the need for comprehensive medical attention to address these complex issues, as well as major investments in testing strategies capable of preventing the development of long COVID sequelae, such as vaccination.https://peerj.com/articles/16669.pdfCOVID-19Long COVIDBiomarkerSleepMemoryDepression |
| spellingShingle | Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida Pedro Henrique Araújo Lacerda Edson Pereira de Oliveira Mariah Eduarda Ferreira de Oliveira Yngrid Sallaberry Silva Vianna Amanda Machado Costa Eloísa Pereira dos Santos Louise Marie Coelho Guérard Matheus Augusto de Miranda Ferreira Isabel Cristina Rodrigues dos Santos Jéssica Daniele da Silva Gonçalves Gabriel Ginani Ferreira Simoneide Souza Titze-de-Almeida Pedro Renato de Paula Brandão Helena Eri Shimizu Andrezza Paula Brito Silva Raimundo Nonato Delgado-Rodrigues Research Center for Major Themes–COVID-19 group Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes PeerJ COVID-19 Long COVID Biomarker Sleep Memory Depression |
| title | Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes |
| title_full | Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes |
| title_fullStr | Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes |
| title_short | Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes |
| title_sort | sleep and memory complaints in long covid an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes |
| topic | COVID-19 Long COVID Biomarker Sleep Memory Depression |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/16669.pdf |
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