Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity
Vulcanodinium rugosum, a recently described species, produces pinnatoxins. The IFR-VRU-01 strain, isolated from a French Mediterranean lagoon in 2010 and identified as the causative dinoflagellate contaminating mussels in the Ingril Lagoon (French Mediterranean) with pinnatoxin-G, was grown in an en...
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MDPI AG
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/136 |
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| author | Eric Abadie Alexia Muguet Tom Berteaux Nicolas Chomérat Philipp Hess Emmanuelle Roque D’OrbCastel Estelle Masseret Mohamed Laabir |
| author_facet | Eric Abadie Alexia Muguet Tom Berteaux Nicolas Chomérat Philipp Hess Emmanuelle Roque D’OrbCastel Estelle Masseret Mohamed Laabir |
| author_sort | Eric Abadie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vulcanodinium rugosum, a recently described species, produces pinnatoxins. The IFR-VRU-01 strain, isolated from a French Mediterranean lagoon in 2010 and identified as the causative dinoflagellate contaminating mussels in the Ingril Lagoon (French Mediterranean) with pinnatoxin-G, was grown in an enriched natural seawater medium. We tested the effect of temperature and salinity on growth, pinnatoxin-G production and chlorophyll a levels of this dinoflagellate. These factors were tested in combinations of five temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C) and five salinities (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40) at an irradiance of 100 µmol photon m−2 s−1. V. rugosum can grow at temperatures and salinities ranging from 20 °C to 30 °C and 20 to 40, respectively. The optimal combination for growth (0.39 ± 0.11 d−1) was a temperature of 25 °C and a salinity of 40. Results suggest that V. rugosum is euryhaline and thermophile which could explain why this dinoflagellate develops in situ only from June to September. V. rugosum growth rate and pinnatoxin-G production were highest at temperatures ranging between 25 and 30 °C. This suggests that the dinoflagellate may give rise to extensive blooms in the coming decades caused by the climate change-related increases in temperature expected in the Mediterranean coasts. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:34:13Z |
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| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0b386d72edd46ecbef894145da881372022-12-22T02:14:50ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512016-05-018513610.3390/toxins8050136toxins8050136Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and SalinityEric Abadie0Alexia Muguet1Tom Berteaux2Nicolas Chomérat3Philipp Hess4Emmanuelle Roque D’OrbCastel5Estelle Masseret6Mohamed Laabir7Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, FranceInstitut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, FranceInstitut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, FranceInstitut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Bretagne Occidentale, Place de la Croix, Concarneau 29900, FranceInstitut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Phycotoxines (DYNECO/PHYC), Rue de l’Ile d’Yeu, BP 21105 Nantes Cedex 3 44311, FranceInstitut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources du Languedoc-Roussillon, Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), CS30171 Sète Cedex 03 34200, FranceCenter for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ifremer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Place E. Bataillon, CC93, Montpellier Cedex 5 34095, FranceCenter for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ifremer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Place E. Bataillon, CC93, Montpellier Cedex 5 34095, FranceVulcanodinium rugosum, a recently described species, produces pinnatoxins. The IFR-VRU-01 strain, isolated from a French Mediterranean lagoon in 2010 and identified as the causative dinoflagellate contaminating mussels in the Ingril Lagoon (French Mediterranean) with pinnatoxin-G, was grown in an enriched natural seawater medium. We tested the effect of temperature and salinity on growth, pinnatoxin-G production and chlorophyll a levels of this dinoflagellate. These factors were tested in combinations of five temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C) and five salinities (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40) at an irradiance of 100 µmol photon m−2 s−1. V. rugosum can grow at temperatures and salinities ranging from 20 °C to 30 °C and 20 to 40, respectively. The optimal combination for growth (0.39 ± 0.11 d−1) was a temperature of 25 °C and a salinity of 40. Results suggest that V. rugosum is euryhaline and thermophile which could explain why this dinoflagellate develops in situ only from June to September. V. rugosum growth rate and pinnatoxin-G production were highest at temperatures ranging between 25 and 30 °C. This suggests that the dinoflagellate may give rise to extensive blooms in the coming decades caused by the climate change-related increases in temperature expected in the Mediterranean coasts.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/136Vulcanodinium rugosumMediterranean Ingril Lagoontoxin productiongrowth conditionstemperaturesalinity |
| spellingShingle | Eric Abadie Alexia Muguet Tom Berteaux Nicolas Chomérat Philipp Hess Emmanuelle Roque D’OrbCastel Estelle Masseret Mohamed Laabir Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity Toxins Vulcanodinium rugosum Mediterranean Ingril Lagoon toxin production growth conditions temperature salinity |
| title | Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity |
| title_full | Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity |
| title_fullStr | Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity |
| title_short | Toxin and Growth Responses of the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum to Varying Temperature and Salinity |
| title_sort | toxin and growth responses of the neurotoxic dinoflagellate vulcanodinium rugosum to varying temperature and salinity |
| topic | Vulcanodinium rugosum Mediterranean Ingril Lagoon toxin production growth conditions temperature salinity |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/136 |
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