A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips
An Auto-Trimming CMOS Bandgap References Circuit (ATBGR) with PSRR enhancement circuit for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) chips is presented in this paper. The ATBGR is designed with a first-order temperature compensation technique providing a stable reference voltage of 1.25 V in the rang...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/9/1724 |
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| author | Balamahesn Poongan Jagadheswaran Rajendran Selvakumar Mariappan Arvind Singh Rawat Narendra Kumar Arokia Nathan Binboga S. Yarman |
| author_facet | Balamahesn Poongan Jagadheswaran Rajendran Selvakumar Mariappan Arvind Singh Rawat Narendra Kumar Arokia Nathan Binboga S. Yarman |
| author_sort | Balamahesn Poongan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An Auto-Trimming CMOS Bandgap References Circuit (ATBGR) with PSRR enhancement circuit for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) chips is presented in this paper. The ATBGR is designed with a first-order temperature compensation technique providing a stable reference voltage of 1.25 V in the ranges of input voltages from 1.65 V to 4.5 V. An auto-trimming circuit is integrated into a PTAT resistor of BGR to minimize the influences of the process variations. The four parallel resistor pairs with PMOS switches are connected in series with the PTAT resistor. The reference voltage, <i>V</i><sub>REF</sub>, is compared to an external constant value, 1.25 V, through an operational amplifier, and the output of the de-multiplexer is used to configure the PMOS switches. High power supply rejection is achieved through a PSRR enhancement circuit constituting a cascaded PMOS common gate pair. The ATBGR circuit is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS technology, consuming an area of 0.03277 mm<sup>2</sup>. The auto-trimming method yields an average temperature coefficient of 9.99 ppm/°C with temperature ranges from −40 °C to 125 °C, and a power supply rejection ratio of −90 dB at 100 MHz is obtained. The line regulation of the proposed circuit is 0.434%/V with power consumption of 54.12 µW at room temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:27:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0b6f3b51f8348e6a28c8425c67096fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:27:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0b6f3b51f8348e6a28c8425c67096fb2023-11-19T11:59:47ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-09-01149172410.3390/mi14091724A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) ChipsBalamahesn Poongan0Jagadheswaran Rajendran1Selvakumar Mariappan2Arvind Singh Rawat3Narendra Kumar4Arokia Nathan5Binboga S. Yarman6Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas 11900, MalaysiaCollaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas 11900, MalaysiaCollaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas 11900, MalaysiaSchool of Computing, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, IndiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDarwin College, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 9EU, UKDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320 Istanbul, TurkeyAn Auto-Trimming CMOS Bandgap References Circuit (ATBGR) with PSRR enhancement circuit for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) chips is presented in this paper. The ATBGR is designed with a first-order temperature compensation technique providing a stable reference voltage of 1.25 V in the ranges of input voltages from 1.65 V to 4.5 V. An auto-trimming circuit is integrated into a PTAT resistor of BGR to minimize the influences of the process variations. The four parallel resistor pairs with PMOS switches are connected in series with the PTAT resistor. The reference voltage, <i>V</i><sub>REF</sub>, is compared to an external constant value, 1.25 V, through an operational amplifier, and the output of the de-multiplexer is used to configure the PMOS switches. High power supply rejection is achieved through a PSRR enhancement circuit constituting a cascaded PMOS common gate pair. The ATBGR circuit is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS technology, consuming an area of 0.03277 mm<sup>2</sup>. The auto-trimming method yields an average temperature coefficient of 9.99 ppm/°C with temperature ranges from −40 °C to 125 °C, and a power supply rejection ratio of −90 dB at 100 MHz is obtained. The line regulation of the proposed circuit is 0.434%/V with power consumption of 54.12 µW at room temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/9/1724bandgap voltage reference (BGR)power supply rejection ratio (PSRR)artificial intelligence and Internet of Things (AIoT)CMOS |
| spellingShingle | Balamahesn Poongan Jagadheswaran Rajendran Selvakumar Mariappan Arvind Singh Rawat Narendra Kumar Arokia Nathan Binboga S. Yarman A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips Micromachines bandgap voltage reference (BGR) power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) artificial intelligence and Internet of Things (AIoT) CMOS |
| title | A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips |
| title_full | A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips |
| title_fullStr | A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips |
| title_full_unstemmed | A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips |
| title_short | A 54 µW CMOS Auto-Trimming Bandgap References (ATBGR) Achieving 90 dB PSRR for Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Chips |
| title_sort | 54 µw cmos auto trimming bandgap references atbgr achieving 90 db psrr for artificial intelligence of things aiot chips |
| topic | bandgap voltage reference (BGR) power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) artificial intelligence and Internet of Things (AIoT) CMOS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/9/1724 |
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