<i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice
Leaf morphology is one of the important traits related to ideal plant architecture and is an important factor determining rice stress resistance, which directly affects yield. Wax layers form a barrier to protect plants from different environmental stresses. However, the regulatory effect of wax syn...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8818 |
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| author | Jiajia Wang Yiting Liu Songping Hu Jing Xu Jinqiang Nian Xiaoping Cao Minmin Chen Jiangsu Cen Xiong Liu Zhihai Zhang Dan Liu Li Zhu Jiang Hu Deyong Ren Zhenyu Gao Lan Shen Guojun Dong Qiang Zhang Qing Li Sibin Yu Qian Qian Guangheng Zhang |
| author_facet | Jiajia Wang Yiting Liu Songping Hu Jing Xu Jinqiang Nian Xiaoping Cao Minmin Chen Jiangsu Cen Xiong Liu Zhihai Zhang Dan Liu Li Zhu Jiang Hu Deyong Ren Zhenyu Gao Lan Shen Guojun Dong Qiang Zhang Qing Li Sibin Yu Qian Qian Guangheng Zhang |
| author_sort | Jiajia Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leaf morphology is one of the important traits related to ideal plant architecture and is an important factor determining rice stress resistance, which directly affects yield. Wax layers form a barrier to protect plants from different environmental stresses. However, the regulatory effect of wax synthesis genes on leaf morphology and salt tolerance is not well-understood. In this study, we identified a rice mutant, <i>leaf tip rumpled 1</i> (<i>ltr1</i>), in a mutant library of the classic <i>japonica</i> variety Nipponbare. Phenotypic investigation of NPB and <i>ltr1</i> suggested that <i>ltr1</i> showed rumpled leaf with uneven distribution of bulliform cells and sclerenchyma cells, and disordered vascular bundles. A decrease in seed-setting rate in <i>ltr1</i> led to decreased per-plant grain yield. Moreover, <i>ltr1</i> was sensitive to salt stress, and <i>LTR1</i> was strongly induced by salt stress. Map-based cloning of <i>LTR1</i> showed that there was a 2-bp deletion in the eighth exon of <i>LOC_Os02g40784</i> in <i>ltr1</i>, resulting in a frameshift mutation and early termination of transcription. Subsequently, the candidate gene was confirmed using complementation, overexpression, and knockout analysis of <i>LOC_Os02g40784</i>. Functional analysis of <i>LTR1</i> showed that it was a wax synthesis gene and constitutively expressed in entire tissues with higher relative expression level in leaves and panicles. Moreover, overexpression of <i>LTR1</i> enhanced yield in rice and <i>LTR1</i> positively regulates salt stress by affecting water and ion homeostasis. These results lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanism of leaf morphogenesis and stress response, providing a new potential strategy for stress-tolerance breeding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:19:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0c099e18fb547a1b90cd70347571486 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:19:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0c099e18fb547a1b90cd703475714862023-12-03T12:42:09ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-08-012315881810.3390/ijms23158818<i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in RiceJiajia Wang0Yiting Liu1Songping Hu2Jing Xu3Jinqiang Nian4Xiaoping Cao5Minmin Chen6Jiangsu Cen7Xiong Liu8Zhihai Zhang9Dan Liu10Li Zhu11Jiang Hu12Deyong Ren13Zhenyu Gao14Lan Shen15Guojun Dong16Qiang Zhang17Qing Li18Sibin Yu19Qian Qian20Guangheng Zhang21State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaResearch Center of Plant Functional Genes and Tissue Culture Technology, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaResearch Center of Plant Functional Genes and Tissue Culture Technology, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaLeaf morphology is one of the important traits related to ideal plant architecture and is an important factor determining rice stress resistance, which directly affects yield. Wax layers form a barrier to protect plants from different environmental stresses. However, the regulatory effect of wax synthesis genes on leaf morphology and salt tolerance is not well-understood. In this study, we identified a rice mutant, <i>leaf tip rumpled 1</i> (<i>ltr1</i>), in a mutant library of the classic <i>japonica</i> variety Nipponbare. Phenotypic investigation of NPB and <i>ltr1</i> suggested that <i>ltr1</i> showed rumpled leaf with uneven distribution of bulliform cells and sclerenchyma cells, and disordered vascular bundles. A decrease in seed-setting rate in <i>ltr1</i> led to decreased per-plant grain yield. Moreover, <i>ltr1</i> was sensitive to salt stress, and <i>LTR1</i> was strongly induced by salt stress. Map-based cloning of <i>LTR1</i> showed that there was a 2-bp deletion in the eighth exon of <i>LOC_Os02g40784</i> in <i>ltr1</i>, resulting in a frameshift mutation and early termination of transcription. Subsequently, the candidate gene was confirmed using complementation, overexpression, and knockout analysis of <i>LOC_Os02g40784</i>. Functional analysis of <i>LTR1</i> showed that it was a wax synthesis gene and constitutively expressed in entire tissues with higher relative expression level in leaves and panicles. Moreover, overexpression of <i>LTR1</i> enhanced yield in rice and <i>LTR1</i> positively regulates salt stress by affecting water and ion homeostasis. These results lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanism of leaf morphogenesis and stress response, providing a new potential strategy for stress-tolerance breeding.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8818<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.leaf shapesalt stressbulliform cellsaquaporin |
| spellingShingle | Jiajia Wang Yiting Liu Songping Hu Jing Xu Jinqiang Nian Xiaoping Cao Minmin Chen Jiangsu Cen Xiong Liu Zhihai Zhang Dan Liu Li Zhu Jiang Hu Deyong Ren Zhenyu Gao Lan Shen Guojun Dong Qiang Zhang Qing Li Sibin Yu Qian Qian Guangheng Zhang <i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. leaf shape salt stress bulliform cells aquaporin |
| title | <i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice |
| title_full | <i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice |
| title_fullStr | <i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice |
| title_short | <i>LEAF TIP RUMPLED 1</i> Regulates Leaf Morphology and Salt Tolerance in Rice |
| title_sort | i leaf tip rumpled 1 i regulates leaf morphology and salt tolerance in rice |
| topic | <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. leaf shape salt stress bulliform cells aquaporin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8818 |
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