Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes
IntroductionBiochar amendment provides multiple benefits in enhancing crop productivity and soil nutrient availability. However, whether biochar addition affects root morphology and alters plant nutrient uptake and shoot growth under different irrigation regimes remain largely unknown.MethodsA split...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1122742/full |
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| author | Heng Wan Heng Wan Xuezhi Liu Qimiao Shi Qimiao Shi Yiting Chen Miao Jiang Miao Jiang Jiarui Zhang Jiarui Zhang Bingjing Cui Bingjing Cui Jingxiang Hou Jingxiang Hou Jingxiang Hou Zhenhua Wei Zhenhua Wei Mohammad Anwar Hossain Fulai Liu Fulai Liu |
| author_facet | Heng Wan Heng Wan Xuezhi Liu Qimiao Shi Qimiao Shi Yiting Chen Miao Jiang Miao Jiang Jiarui Zhang Jiarui Zhang Bingjing Cui Bingjing Cui Jingxiang Hou Jingxiang Hou Jingxiang Hou Zhenhua Wei Zhenhua Wei Mohammad Anwar Hossain Fulai Liu Fulai Liu |
| author_sort | Heng Wan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionBiochar amendment provides multiple benefits in enhancing crop productivity and soil nutrient availability. However, whether biochar addition affects root morphology and alters plant nutrient uptake and shoot growth under different irrigation regimes remain largely unknown.MethodsA split-root pot experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) was conducted on clay loam soil mixed with 2% (w/w) of wheat-straw (WSP) and softwood (SWP) biochar. The plants were subjected to full (FI), deficit (DI), and alternate partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation from the fourth leaf to the grain-filling stage.Results and discussionThe results showed that, compared to plants grown in unamended soils, plants grown in the biochar-amended soils possessed greater total root length, area, diameter, volume, tips, forks, crossings, and root length density, which were further amplified by PRD. Despite a negative effect on soil available phosphorus (P) pool, WSP addition improved soil available nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) pool and cation exchange capacity under reduced irrigation. Even though biochar negatively affected nutrient concentrations in shoots as exemplified by lowered N, P, K (except leaf), and Ca concentration, it dramatically enhanced plant total N, P, K, Ca uptake, and biomass. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the modified root morphology and increased soil available nutrient pools, and consequently, the higher plant total nutrient uptake might have facilitated the enhanced shoot growth and yield of maize plants in biochar-added soils. Biochar amendment further lowered specific leaf area but increased leaf N concentration per area-to-root N concentration per length ratio. All these effects were evident upon WSP amendment. Moreover, PRD outperformed DI in increasing root area-to-leaf area ratio. Overall, these findings suggest that WSP combined with PRD could be a promising strategy to improve the growth and nutrient uptake of maize plants. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e0dccc69585046ea8fb32679420190f22023-01-20T06:41:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-01-011410.3389/fpls.2023.11227421122742Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimesHeng Wan0Heng Wan1Xuezhi Liu2Qimiao Shi3Qimiao Shi4Yiting Chen5Miao Jiang6Miao Jiang7Jiarui Zhang8Jiarui Zhang9Bingjing Cui10Bingjing Cui11Jingxiang Hou12Jingxiang Hou13Jingxiang Hou14Zhenhua Wei15Zhenhua Wei16Mohammad Anwar Hossain17Fulai Liu18Fulai Liu19Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaSchool of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DenmarkKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DenmarkKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, BangladeshDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DenmarkSino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaIntroductionBiochar amendment provides multiple benefits in enhancing crop productivity and soil nutrient availability. However, whether biochar addition affects root morphology and alters plant nutrient uptake and shoot growth under different irrigation regimes remain largely unknown.MethodsA split-root pot experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) was conducted on clay loam soil mixed with 2% (w/w) of wheat-straw (WSP) and softwood (SWP) biochar. The plants were subjected to full (FI), deficit (DI), and alternate partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation from the fourth leaf to the grain-filling stage.Results and discussionThe results showed that, compared to plants grown in unamended soils, plants grown in the biochar-amended soils possessed greater total root length, area, diameter, volume, tips, forks, crossings, and root length density, which were further amplified by PRD. Despite a negative effect on soil available phosphorus (P) pool, WSP addition improved soil available nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) pool and cation exchange capacity under reduced irrigation. Even though biochar negatively affected nutrient concentrations in shoots as exemplified by lowered N, P, K (except leaf), and Ca concentration, it dramatically enhanced plant total N, P, K, Ca uptake, and biomass. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the modified root morphology and increased soil available nutrient pools, and consequently, the higher plant total nutrient uptake might have facilitated the enhanced shoot growth and yield of maize plants in biochar-added soils. Biochar amendment further lowered specific leaf area but increased leaf N concentration per area-to-root N concentration per length ratio. All these effects were evident upon WSP amendment. Moreover, PRD outperformed DI in increasing root area-to-leaf area ratio. Overall, these findings suggest that WSP combined with PRD could be a promising strategy to improve the growth and nutrient uptake of maize plants.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1122742/fullbiocharalternate partial root-zone drying irrigationsoil available nutrientroot morphologybiomassnutrient uptake |
| spellingShingle | Heng Wan Heng Wan Xuezhi Liu Qimiao Shi Qimiao Shi Yiting Chen Miao Jiang Miao Jiang Jiarui Zhang Jiarui Zhang Bingjing Cui Bingjing Cui Jingxiang Hou Jingxiang Hou Jingxiang Hou Zhenhua Wei Zhenhua Wei Mohammad Anwar Hossain Fulai Liu Fulai Liu Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes Frontiers in Plant Science biochar alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation soil available nutrient root morphology biomass nutrient uptake |
| title | Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes |
| title_full | Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes |
| title_fullStr | Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes |
| title_short | Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes |
| title_sort | biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes |
| topic | biochar alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation soil available nutrient root morphology biomass nutrient uptake |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1122742/full |
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