The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, with its complex terrain, has serious issues with air pollution. The northern and western parts of the BTH region are surrounded by the Yan Mountains and Loess Plateau (LP), and the south-central part of that region is a large open plain. Such special geograph...
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MDPI AG
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/11/719 |
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| author | Kai Meng Xiangde Xu Xiaobin Xu Haoliang Wang Xiaohui Liu Yayin Jiao |
| author_facet | Kai Meng Xiangde Xu Xiaobin Xu Haoliang Wang Xiaohui Liu Yayin Jiao |
| author_sort | Kai Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, with its complex terrain, has serious issues with air pollution. The northern and western parts of the BTH region are surrounded by the Yan Mountains and Loess Plateau (LP), and the south-central part of that region is a large open plain. Such special geographic configuration is prone to result in a concentrated pollution belt along the north-to-south direction on the eastern margin of the plateau, in addition to the influence of pollutant-emission sources and population distribution. In this study, based on an original adaptive nudging constraint method, we quantitatively analyzed the differences in the influence of emission sources under different dynamic and thermal conditions in the BTH region, which is impacted by a special large-scale leeward slope terrain. The mechanism of air pollution vulnerability and the comprehensive effects of terrain−meteorological conditions on air pollution in the BTH region were also discussed. The results indicated that the atmospheric diffusion conditions on the eastern side of the plateau were poor, and a sub-synoptic-scale “vortex sequence”, which was composed of a series of linked vortices, was identified. The corresponding atmospheric pollution convergence line stretched from Beijing to Hebei to Northern Henan in the lower atmosphere. On the eastern edge of the plateau, a “warm cover” formed by a temperature anomaly and a downdraft impeded the vertical diffusion of pollutants. Therefore, pollutants tended to converge at the eastern edge of the plateau, and the pollution belts would move longitudinally north and south along the topography of the eastern slope when south-westerly and north-easterly winds alternated. The movement generated a “train” of pollutants that were transported on the eastern edge of the plateau, which then caused air pollution to persist there. Such terrain−meteorological conditions amplified the effects of emissions by an average of 50% to 150% in the region, leading the eastern side of the LP to become a “naturally vulnerable region” to haze pollution. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:50:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0ed1e8e694540728f538d5f45f30ce22022-12-22T01:24:45ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332019-11-01101171910.3390/atmos10110719atmos10110719The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint TechniqueKai Meng0Xiangde Xu1Xiaobin Xu2Haoliang Wang3Xiaohui Liu4Yayin Jiao5Hebei Provincial Environmental Meteorological Center, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaState Key Lab of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Lab of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaHebei Provincial Environmental Meteorological Center, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaThe Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, with its complex terrain, has serious issues with air pollution. The northern and western parts of the BTH region are surrounded by the Yan Mountains and Loess Plateau (LP), and the south-central part of that region is a large open plain. Such special geographic configuration is prone to result in a concentrated pollution belt along the north-to-south direction on the eastern margin of the plateau, in addition to the influence of pollutant-emission sources and population distribution. In this study, based on an original adaptive nudging constraint method, we quantitatively analyzed the differences in the influence of emission sources under different dynamic and thermal conditions in the BTH region, which is impacted by a special large-scale leeward slope terrain. The mechanism of air pollution vulnerability and the comprehensive effects of terrain−meteorological conditions on air pollution in the BTH region were also discussed. The results indicated that the atmospheric diffusion conditions on the eastern side of the plateau were poor, and a sub-synoptic-scale “vortex sequence”, which was composed of a series of linked vortices, was identified. The corresponding atmospheric pollution convergence line stretched from Beijing to Hebei to Northern Henan in the lower atmosphere. On the eastern edge of the plateau, a “warm cover” formed by a temperature anomaly and a downdraft impeded the vertical diffusion of pollutants. Therefore, pollutants tended to converge at the eastern edge of the plateau, and the pollution belts would move longitudinally north and south along the topography of the eastern slope when south-westerly and north-easterly winds alternated. The movement generated a “train” of pollutants that were transported on the eastern edge of the plateau, which then caused air pollution to persist there. Such terrain−meteorological conditions amplified the effects of emissions by an average of 50% to 150% in the region, leading the eastern side of the LP to become a “naturally vulnerable region” to haze pollution.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/11/719“vulnerable regions” to air pollutionbth regiontopographic–meteorological impactadaptive emission constraintconvergence of air pollution |
| spellingShingle | Kai Meng Xiangde Xu Xiaobin Xu Haoliang Wang Xiaohui Liu Yayin Jiao The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique Atmosphere “vulnerable regions” to air pollution bth region topographic–meteorological impact adaptive emission constraint convergence of air pollution |
| title | The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique |
| title_full | The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique |
| title_fullStr | The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique |
| title_short | The Causes of “Vulnerable Regions” to Air Pollution in Winter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Topographic–Meteorological Impact Model Based on Adaptive Emission Constraint Technique |
| title_sort | causes of vulnerable regions to air pollution in winter in the beijing tianjin hebei region a topographic meteorological impact model based on adaptive emission constraint technique |
| topic | “vulnerable regions” to air pollution bth region topographic–meteorological impact adaptive emission constraint convergence of air pollution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/11/719 |
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