Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity
Reactive sulfur species (RSS) like hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) and cysteine persulfide (Cys-SSH) emerged as key signaling molecules with diverse physiological roles in the body, depending on their concentration and the cellular environment. While it is known that H<sub>2</...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/2/245 |
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| author | Jun Ye Talal Salti Eva Zanditenas Meirav Trebicz-Geffen Moran Benhar Serge Ankri |
| author_facet | Jun Ye Talal Salti Eva Zanditenas Meirav Trebicz-Geffen Moran Benhar Serge Ankri |
| author_sort | Jun Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reactive sulfur species (RSS) like hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) and cysteine persulfide (Cys-SSH) emerged as key signaling molecules with diverse physiological roles in the body, depending on their concentration and the cellular environment. While it is known that H<sub>2</sub>S and Cys-SSH are produced by both colonocytes and by the gut microbiota through sulfur metabolism, it remains unknown how these RSS affect amebiasis caused by <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, a parasitic protozoan that can be present in the human gastrointestinal tract. This study investigates H<sub>2</sub>S and Cys-SSH’s impact on <i>E. histolytica</i> physiology and explores potential therapeutic implications. Exposing trophozoites to the H<sub>2</sub>S donor, sodium sulfide (Na<sub>2</sub>S), or to Cys-SSH led to rapid cytotoxicity. A proteomic analysis of Cys-SSH-challenged trophozoites resulted in the identification of >500 S-sulfurated proteins, which are involved in diverse cellular processes. Functional assessments revealed inhibited protein synthesis, altered cytoskeletal dynamics, and reduced motility in trophozoites treated with Cys-SSH. Notably, cysteine proteases (CPs) were significantly inhibited by S-sulfuration, affecting their bacterial biofilm degradation capacity. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed alterations in actin dynamics, corroborating the proteomic findings. Thus, our study reveals how RSS perturbs critical cellular functions in <i>E. histolytica</i>, potentially influencing its pathogenicity and interactions within the gut microbiota. Understanding these molecular mechanisms offers novel insights into amebiasis pathogenesis and unveils potential therapeutic avenues targeting RSS-mediated modifications in parasitic infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e0f1e4ca6c574ed499e7d821807598de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e0f1e4ca6c574ed499e7d821807598de2024-02-23T15:05:36ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212024-02-0113224510.3390/antiox13020245Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation CapacityJun Ye0Talal Salti1Eva Zanditenas2Meirav Trebicz-Geffen3Moran Benhar4Serge Ankri5Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, IsraelDepartment of Biochemistry, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, IsraelDepartment of Biochemistry, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, IsraelDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, IsraelReactive sulfur species (RSS) like hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) and cysteine persulfide (Cys-SSH) emerged as key signaling molecules with diverse physiological roles in the body, depending on their concentration and the cellular environment. While it is known that H<sub>2</sub>S and Cys-SSH are produced by both colonocytes and by the gut microbiota through sulfur metabolism, it remains unknown how these RSS affect amebiasis caused by <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, a parasitic protozoan that can be present in the human gastrointestinal tract. This study investigates H<sub>2</sub>S and Cys-SSH’s impact on <i>E. histolytica</i> physiology and explores potential therapeutic implications. Exposing trophozoites to the H<sub>2</sub>S donor, sodium sulfide (Na<sub>2</sub>S), or to Cys-SSH led to rapid cytotoxicity. A proteomic analysis of Cys-SSH-challenged trophozoites resulted in the identification of >500 S-sulfurated proteins, which are involved in diverse cellular processes. Functional assessments revealed inhibited protein synthesis, altered cytoskeletal dynamics, and reduced motility in trophozoites treated with Cys-SSH. Notably, cysteine proteases (CPs) were significantly inhibited by S-sulfuration, affecting their bacterial biofilm degradation capacity. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed alterations in actin dynamics, corroborating the proteomic findings. Thus, our study reveals how RSS perturbs critical cellular functions in <i>E. histolytica</i>, potentially influencing its pathogenicity and interactions within the gut microbiota. Understanding these molecular mechanisms offers novel insights into amebiasis pathogenesis and unveils potential therapeutic avenues targeting RSS-mediated modifications in parasitic infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/2/245reactive sulfur specieshydrogen sulfidecysteine persulfideS-sulfuration<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> |
| spellingShingle | Jun Ye Talal Salti Eva Zanditenas Meirav Trebicz-Geffen Moran Benhar Serge Ankri Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity Antioxidants reactive sulfur species hydrogen sulfide cysteine persulfide S-sulfuration <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> |
| title | Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity |
| title_full | Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity |
| title_short | Impact of Reactive Sulfur Species on <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Modulating Viability, Motility, and Biofilm Degradation Capacity |
| title_sort | impact of reactive sulfur species on i entamoeba histolytica i modulating viability motility and biofilm degradation capacity |
| topic | reactive sulfur species hydrogen sulfide cysteine persulfide S-sulfuration <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/2/245 |
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