Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation
Truffles (Tuber spp.) are edible ectomycorrhizal fungi with high economic value. Bacteria in ectomycorrhizosphere soils are considered to be associated with the nutrient uptake of truffles and hosts. Whether Tuber spp. inoculation can affect the growth of Quercus aliena, the ectomycorrhizosphere soi...
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| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.792568/full |
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| author | Zongjing Kang Zongjing Kang Xiaolin Li Yan Li Lei Ye Bo Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Petri Penttinen Petri Penttinen Yunfu Gu |
| author_facet | Zongjing Kang Zongjing Kang Xiaolin Li Yan Li Lei Ye Bo Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Petri Penttinen Petri Penttinen Yunfu Gu |
| author_sort | Zongjing Kang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Truffles (Tuber spp.) are edible ectomycorrhizal fungi with high economic value. Bacteria in ectomycorrhizosphere soils are considered to be associated with the nutrient uptake of truffles and hosts. Whether Tuber spp. inoculation can affect the growth of Quercus aliena, the ectomycorrhizosphere soil, and the rhizosphere nirK and nirS-denitrifier communities at the ectomycorrhizae formation stage is still unclear. Therefore, we inoculated Q. aliena with the black truffles Tuber melanosporum and Tuber indicum, determined the physiological activity and morphological indices of Q. aliena seedlings, analyzed the physicochemical properties of ectomycorrhizosphere soils, and applied DNA sequencing to assess the nirK and nirS- denitrifier community structure in ectomycorrhizosphere soils. Peroxidase activity was higher in the seedlings inoculated with T. melanosporum than in the T. indicum inoculation and uninoculated control treatments. The available phosphorus contents were lower and nitrate contents were higher in those with truffle inoculation, and T. melanosporum treatment differed more from the control than the T. indicum treatment. The richness of the nirK-community was highest in the T. indicum treatment and lowest in the uninoculated treatment. The differences in nirK-community composition across treatments were not statistically significant, but the nirS communities were different. The nirS-type bacteria correlated with three environmental factors (pH, available phosphorus, and nitrate contents), whereas the nirK-type bacteria were only associated with the nitrate contents. Generally, this work revealed that inoculation with Tuber spp. would change a few nutrient contents and richness of nirK-type bacteria and had little effects on growth of Q. aliena seedlings in the initial stage of inoculation. The results of this study may provide in-depth insights into the relationships between Tuber spp. and hosts, which should be taken into account when developing truffle production methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:28:02Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:28:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e0fa74dfb0204431b07dbf5312c5efe32022-12-22T02:35:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-04-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.792568792568Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of InoculationZongjing Kang0Zongjing Kang1Xiaolin Li2Yan Li3Lei Ye4Bo Zhang5Xiaoping Zhang6Xiaoping Zhang7Petri Penttinen8Petri Penttinen9Yunfu Gu10Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaSoil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaSoil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaSoil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaSoil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaSoil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaEcosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, ChinaTruffles (Tuber spp.) are edible ectomycorrhizal fungi with high economic value. Bacteria in ectomycorrhizosphere soils are considered to be associated with the nutrient uptake of truffles and hosts. Whether Tuber spp. inoculation can affect the growth of Quercus aliena, the ectomycorrhizosphere soil, and the rhizosphere nirK and nirS-denitrifier communities at the ectomycorrhizae formation stage is still unclear. Therefore, we inoculated Q. aliena with the black truffles Tuber melanosporum and Tuber indicum, determined the physiological activity and morphological indices of Q. aliena seedlings, analyzed the physicochemical properties of ectomycorrhizosphere soils, and applied DNA sequencing to assess the nirK and nirS- denitrifier community structure in ectomycorrhizosphere soils. Peroxidase activity was higher in the seedlings inoculated with T. melanosporum than in the T. indicum inoculation and uninoculated control treatments. The available phosphorus contents were lower and nitrate contents were higher in those with truffle inoculation, and T. melanosporum treatment differed more from the control than the T. indicum treatment. The richness of the nirK-community was highest in the T. indicum treatment and lowest in the uninoculated treatment. The differences in nirK-community composition across treatments were not statistically significant, but the nirS communities were different. The nirS-type bacteria correlated with three environmental factors (pH, available phosphorus, and nitrate contents), whereas the nirK-type bacteria were only associated with the nitrate contents. Generally, this work revealed that inoculation with Tuber spp. would change a few nutrient contents and richness of nirK-type bacteria and had little effects on growth of Q. aliena seedlings in the initial stage of inoculation. The results of this study may provide in-depth insights into the relationships between Tuber spp. and hosts, which should be taken into account when developing truffle production methods.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.792568/fullTuber indicumTuber melanosporumQuercus alienaectomycorrhizospheredenitrifying bacteriagrowth of host plants |
| spellingShingle | Zongjing Kang Zongjing Kang Xiaolin Li Yan Li Lei Ye Bo Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Petri Penttinen Petri Penttinen Yunfu Gu Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation Frontiers in Microbiology Tuber indicum Tuber melanosporum Quercus aliena ectomycorrhizosphere denitrifying bacteria growth of host plants |
| title | Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation |
| title_full | Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation |
| title_fullStr | Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation |
| title_short | Black Truffles Affect Quercus aliena Physiology and Root-Associated nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation |
| title_sort | black truffles affect quercus aliena physiology and root associated nirk and nirs type denitrifying bacterial communities in the initial stage of inoculation |
| topic | Tuber indicum Tuber melanosporum Quercus aliena ectomycorrhizosphere denitrifying bacteria growth of host plants |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.792568/full |
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