Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production
Aflatoxin production inhibitors, which do not inhibit the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi, may be used to control aflatoxin without incurring a rapid spread of resistant strains. A respiration inhibitor that inhibits aflatoxin production was identified during a screening process for natural, aflatoxin...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2014-03-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/4/1193 |
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| author | Shohei Sakuda Diyan Febri Prabowo Keiko Takagi Kazuro Shiomi Mihoko Mori Satoshi Ōmura Hiromichi Nagasawa |
| author_facet | Shohei Sakuda Diyan Febri Prabowo Keiko Takagi Kazuro Shiomi Mihoko Mori Satoshi Ōmura Hiromichi Nagasawa |
| author_sort | Shohei Sakuda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aflatoxin production inhibitors, which do not inhibit the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi, may be used to control aflatoxin without incurring a rapid spread of resistant strains. A respiration inhibitor that inhibits aflatoxin production was identified during a screening process for natural, aflatoxin-production inhibitors. This prompted us to evaluate respiration inhibitors as potential aflatoxin control agents. The inhibitory activities of four natural inhibitors, seven synthetic miticides, and nine synthetic fungicides were evaluated on aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus. All of the natural inhibitors (rotenone, siccanin, aptenin A5, and antimycin A) inhibited fungal aflatoxin production with IC50 values around 10 µM. Among the synthetic miticides, pyridaben, fluacrypyrim, and tolfenpyrad exhibited strong inhibitory activities with IC50 values less than 0.2 µM, whereas cyflumetofen did not show significant inhibitory activity. Of the synthetic fungicides, boscalid, pyribencarb, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and kresoxim-methyl demonstrated strong inhibitory activities, with IC50 values less than 0.5 µM. Fungal growth was not significantly affected by any of the inhibitors tested at concentrations used. There was no correlation observed between the targets of respiration inhibitors (complexes I, II, and III) and their IC50 values for aflatoxin-production inhibitory activity. This study suggests that respiration inhibitors, including commonly used pesticides, are useful for aflatoxin control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:42:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1092d16da444f0b870570ec20e96276 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:42:35Z |
| publishDate | 2014-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1092d16da444f0b870570ec20e962762022-12-22T04:23:27ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512014-03-01641193120010.3390/toxins6041193toxins6041193Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin ProductionShohei Sakuda0Diyan Febri Prabowo1Keiko Takagi2Kazuro Shiomi3Mihoko Mori4Satoshi Ōmura5Hiromichi Nagasawa6Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanGraduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, JapanGraduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, JapanKitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, JapanDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanAflatoxin production inhibitors, which do not inhibit the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi, may be used to control aflatoxin without incurring a rapid spread of resistant strains. A respiration inhibitor that inhibits aflatoxin production was identified during a screening process for natural, aflatoxin-production inhibitors. This prompted us to evaluate respiration inhibitors as potential aflatoxin control agents. The inhibitory activities of four natural inhibitors, seven synthetic miticides, and nine synthetic fungicides were evaluated on aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus. All of the natural inhibitors (rotenone, siccanin, aptenin A5, and antimycin A) inhibited fungal aflatoxin production with IC50 values around 10 µM. Among the synthetic miticides, pyridaben, fluacrypyrim, and tolfenpyrad exhibited strong inhibitory activities with IC50 values less than 0.2 µM, whereas cyflumetofen did not show significant inhibitory activity. Of the synthetic fungicides, boscalid, pyribencarb, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and kresoxim-methyl demonstrated strong inhibitory activities, with IC50 values less than 0.5 µM. Fungal growth was not significantly affected by any of the inhibitors tested at concentrations used. There was no correlation observed between the targets of respiration inhibitors (complexes I, II, and III) and their IC50 values for aflatoxin-production inhibitory activity. This study suggests that respiration inhibitors, including commonly used pesticides, are useful for aflatoxin control.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/4/1193aflatoxinfluacrypyriminhibitorpyridabenrespirationsiccaninstrobirin |
| spellingShingle | Shohei Sakuda Diyan Febri Prabowo Keiko Takagi Kazuro Shiomi Mihoko Mori Satoshi Ōmura Hiromichi Nagasawa Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production Toxins aflatoxin fluacrypyrim inhibitor pyridaben respiration siccanin strobirin |
| title | Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production |
| title_full | Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production |
| title_fullStr | Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production |
| title_short | Inhibitory Effects of Respiration Inhibitors on Aflatoxin Production |
| title_sort | inhibitory effects of respiration inhibitors on aflatoxin production |
| topic | aflatoxin fluacrypyrim inhibitor pyridaben respiration siccanin strobirin |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/4/1193 |
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