Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health
The ban on antimicrobial growth promoters and efforts to reduce therapeutic antibiotic usage has led to major problems of gastrointestinal dysbiosis in livestock production in Europe. Control of dysbiosis without the use of antibiotics requires a thorough understanding of the interaction between the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fvets.2015.00075/full |
| _version_ | 1819231296662011904 |
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| author | Lonneke eOnrust Richard eDucatelle Karolien eVan Driessche Celine eDe Maesschalck Karen eVermeulen Freddy eHaesebrouck Venessa eEeckhaut Filip eVan Immerseel |
| author_facet | Lonneke eOnrust Richard eDucatelle Karolien eVan Driessche Celine eDe Maesschalck Karen eVermeulen Freddy eHaesebrouck Venessa eEeckhaut Filip eVan Immerseel |
| author_sort | Lonneke eOnrust |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ban on antimicrobial growth promoters and efforts to reduce therapeutic antibiotic usage has led to major problems of gastrointestinal dysbiosis in livestock production in Europe. Control of dysbiosis without the use of antibiotics requires a thorough understanding of the interaction between the microbiota and the host mucosa. The gut microbiota of the healthy chicken is highly diverse, producing various metabolic end products, including gases and fermentation acids. The distal gut knows an abundance of bacteria from within the Firmicutes Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa that produce butyric acid, which is one of the metabolites that is sensed by the host as a signal. The host responds by strengthening the epithelial barrier, reducing inflammation, and increasing the production of mucins and antimicrobial peptides. Stimulating the colonization and growth of butyrate producing bacteria thus may help optimizing gut health. Various strategies are available to stimulate butyrate production in the distal gut. These include delivery of prebiotic substrates that are broken down by bacteria into smaller molecules which are then used by butyrate producers, a concept called cross-feeding. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are such compounds as they can be converted to lactate which is further metabolized to butyrate. Probiotic lactic acid producers can be supplied to support the cross-feeding reactions. Direct feeding of butyrate producing Clostridium cluster IV and XIVa strains are a future tool provided that large scale production of strictly anaerobic bacteria can be optimized. Current results of strategies that promote butyrate production in the gut are promising. Nevertheless, our current understanding of the intestinal ecosystem is still insufficient, and further research efforts are needed to fully exploit the capacity of these strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T11:42:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1287a713e0448859eae7285928e141b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T11:42:43Z |
| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1287a713e0448859eae7285928e141b2022-12-21T17:48:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692015-12-01210.3389/fvets.2015.00075171032Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut healthLonneke eOnrust0Richard eDucatelle1Karolien eVan Driessche2Celine eDe Maesschalck3Karen eVermeulen4Freddy eHaesebrouck5Venessa eEeckhaut6Filip eVan Immerseel7Ghent UniversityGhent UniversityGhent UniversityGhent UniversityGhent UniversityGhent UniversityGhent UniversityGhent UniversityThe ban on antimicrobial growth promoters and efforts to reduce therapeutic antibiotic usage has led to major problems of gastrointestinal dysbiosis in livestock production in Europe. Control of dysbiosis without the use of antibiotics requires a thorough understanding of the interaction between the microbiota and the host mucosa. The gut microbiota of the healthy chicken is highly diverse, producing various metabolic end products, including gases and fermentation acids. The distal gut knows an abundance of bacteria from within the Firmicutes Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa that produce butyric acid, which is one of the metabolites that is sensed by the host as a signal. The host responds by strengthening the epithelial barrier, reducing inflammation, and increasing the production of mucins and antimicrobial peptides. Stimulating the colonization and growth of butyrate producing bacteria thus may help optimizing gut health. Various strategies are available to stimulate butyrate production in the distal gut. These include delivery of prebiotic substrates that are broken down by bacteria into smaller molecules which are then used by butyrate producers, a concept called cross-feeding. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are such compounds as they can be converted to lactate which is further metabolized to butyrate. Probiotic lactic acid producers can be supplied to support the cross-feeding reactions. Direct feeding of butyrate producing Clostridium cluster IV and XIVa strains are a future tool provided that large scale production of strictly anaerobic bacteria can be optimized. Current results of strategies that promote butyrate production in the gut are promising. Nevertheless, our current understanding of the intestinal ecosystem is still insufficient, and further research efforts are needed to fully exploit the capacity of these strategies.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fvets.2015.00075/fullPrebioticsProbioticsperformancebroilerendogenous butyrate |
| spellingShingle | Lonneke eOnrust Richard eDucatelle Karolien eVan Driessche Celine eDe Maesschalck Karen eVermeulen Freddy eHaesebrouck Venessa eEeckhaut Filip eVan Immerseel Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health Frontiers in Veterinary Science Prebiotics Probiotics performance broiler endogenous butyrate |
| title | Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health |
| title_full | Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health |
| title_fullStr | Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health |
| title_full_unstemmed | Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health |
| title_short | Steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health |
| title_sort | steering endogenous butyrate production in the intestinal tract of broilers as a tool to improve gut health |
| topic | Prebiotics Probiotics performance broiler endogenous butyrate |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fvets.2015.00075/full |
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