Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank
Abstract Background Depression and anxiety are common mental disorders that increase physical health risks and are leading causes of global disability. Several forms of physical fitness could be modifiable risk factors for common mental disorders in the population. We examined associations between i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-020-01782-9 |
| _version_ | 1819227648630456320 |
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| author | Aaron A. Kandola David P. J. Osborn Brendon Stubbs Karmel W. Choi Joseph F. Hayes |
| author_facet | Aaron A. Kandola David P. J. Osborn Brendon Stubbs Karmel W. Choi Joseph F. Hayes |
| author_sort | Aaron A. Kandola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Depression and anxiety are common mental disorders that increase physical health risks and are leading causes of global disability. Several forms of physical fitness could be modifiable risk factors for common mental disorders in the population. We examined associations between individual and combined markers of cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with the incidence of common mental disorders. Methods A 7-year prospective cohort study in 152,978 UK Biobank participants. An exercise test and dynamometer were used to measure cardiorespiratory and grip strength, respectively. We used Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 scales to estimate the incidence of common mental disorders at follow-up. Results Fully adjusted, longitudinal models indicated a dose-response relationship. Low and medium cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with 1.485 (95% CIs, 1.301 to 1.694, p < 0.001) and 1.141 (95% CIs, 1.005 to 1.297, p = 0.041) higher odds of depression or anxiety, compared to high cardiorespiratory fitness. Low and medium grip strength was associated with 1.381 (95% CIs, 1.315 to 1.452, p < 0.001) and 1.116 (95% CIs, 1.063 to 1.172, p < 0.001) higher odds of common mental disorder compared to high grip strength. Individuals in the lowest group for both cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength had 1.981 (95% CIs, 1.553 to 2.527, p < 0.001) higher odds of depression, 1.599 (95% CIs, 1.148 to 2.118, p = 0.004) higher odds of anxiety, and 1.814 (95% CIs, 1.461 to 2.252, p < 0.001) higher odds of either common mental disorder, compared to high for both types of fitness. Conclusions Objective cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness markers represent modifiable risk factors for common mental disorders. Public health strategies to reduce common mental disorders could include combinations of aerobic and resistance activities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T10:44:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e13161b2fdca4cf98bfc3721af8d288f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7015 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T10:44:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-e13161b2fdca4cf98bfc3721af8d288f2022-12-21T17:50:04ZengBMCBMC Medicine1741-70152020-11-0118111110.1186/s12916-020-01782-9Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK BiobankAaron A. Kandola0David P. J. Osborn1Brendon Stubbs2Karmel W. Choi3Joseph F. Hayes4Division of Psychiatry, University College LondonDivision of Psychiatry, University College LondonDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General HospitalDivision of Psychiatry, University College LondonAbstract Background Depression and anxiety are common mental disorders that increase physical health risks and are leading causes of global disability. Several forms of physical fitness could be modifiable risk factors for common mental disorders in the population. We examined associations between individual and combined markers of cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with the incidence of common mental disorders. Methods A 7-year prospective cohort study in 152,978 UK Biobank participants. An exercise test and dynamometer were used to measure cardiorespiratory and grip strength, respectively. We used Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 scales to estimate the incidence of common mental disorders at follow-up. Results Fully adjusted, longitudinal models indicated a dose-response relationship. Low and medium cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with 1.485 (95% CIs, 1.301 to 1.694, p < 0.001) and 1.141 (95% CIs, 1.005 to 1.297, p = 0.041) higher odds of depression or anxiety, compared to high cardiorespiratory fitness. Low and medium grip strength was associated with 1.381 (95% CIs, 1.315 to 1.452, p < 0.001) and 1.116 (95% CIs, 1.063 to 1.172, p < 0.001) higher odds of common mental disorder compared to high grip strength. Individuals in the lowest group for both cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength had 1.981 (95% CIs, 1.553 to 2.527, p < 0.001) higher odds of depression, 1.599 (95% CIs, 1.148 to 2.118, p = 0.004) higher odds of anxiety, and 1.814 (95% CIs, 1.461 to 2.252, p < 0.001) higher odds of either common mental disorder, compared to high for both types of fitness. Conclusions Objective cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness markers represent modifiable risk factors for common mental disorders. Public health strategies to reduce common mental disorders could include combinations of aerobic and resistance activities.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-020-01782-9FitnessDepressionAnxietyPhysical activityExerciseCardiorespiratory |
| spellingShingle | Aaron A. Kandola David P. J. Osborn Brendon Stubbs Karmel W. Choi Joseph F. Hayes Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank BMC Medicine Fitness Depression Anxiety Physical activity Exercise Cardiorespiratory |
| title | Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank |
| title_full | Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank |
| title_fullStr | Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank |
| title_full_unstemmed | Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank |
| title_short | Individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank |
| title_sort | individual and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength with common mental disorders a prospective cohort study in the uk biobank |
| topic | Fitness Depression Anxiety Physical activity Exercise Cardiorespiratory |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-020-01782-9 |
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