Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions
The potential use of magnetic nanopowder for phenol adsorption mobilised on natural grain carbon foam from an aqueous solution was studied. Phenolic compounds are priority pollutants with high toxicity even at low concentrations. A magnetic nanopowder was synthesised by dissolving an iron sponge in...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1272 |
| _version_ | 1797623792753704960 |
|---|---|
| author | Siphesihle Praise-God Khumalo David Lokhat Chante Jasmine-Tre Anwar Huvin Reddy |
| author_facet | Siphesihle Praise-God Khumalo David Lokhat Chante Jasmine-Tre Anwar Huvin Reddy |
| author_sort | Siphesihle Praise-God Khumalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The potential use of magnetic nanopowder for phenol adsorption mobilised on natural grain carbon foam from an aqueous solution was studied. Phenolic compounds are priority pollutants with high toxicity even at low concentrations. A magnetic nanopowder was synthesised by dissolving an iron sponge in nitric acid to produce iron nitrate, which was added to a natural grain mixture with flour as the main ingredient. The synthesised carbon foam was investigated for the effects of initial concentration, time, and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) characterisation. The phenol adsorption increased as the iron content of the carbon foam and the initial concentration increased. A kinetic study showed that the phenol adsorption data adequately covered all the carbon foam samples tested using an equation corresponding to a pseudo-first order chemical reaction. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin equations were tested for modelling the adsorption isotherms at equilibrium, and it was concluded that the Temkin model fit the experimental data adequately. Due to its exceptional physical and chemical properties, carbon magnetic nanopowder is regarded as an outstanding pollutant absorber in environmental investigations. R<sup>2</sup> values derived from the pseudo-first-order model exceed 0.99. R<sup>2</sup> > 0.94 indicates that the Freundlich isotherm provides the best fit to the equilibrium data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:33:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e131802fda644d00a65d9cc9f797b036 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:33:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-e131802fda644d00a65d9cc9f797b0362023-11-16T17:30:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-01283127210.3390/molecules28031272Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous SolutionsSiphesihle Praise-God Khumalo0David Lokhat1Chante Jasmine-Tre Anwar2Huvin Reddy3School of Engineering, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaSchool of Engineering, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaSchool of Engineering, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaSchool of Engineering, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaThe potential use of magnetic nanopowder for phenol adsorption mobilised on natural grain carbon foam from an aqueous solution was studied. Phenolic compounds are priority pollutants with high toxicity even at low concentrations. A magnetic nanopowder was synthesised by dissolving an iron sponge in nitric acid to produce iron nitrate, which was added to a natural grain mixture with flour as the main ingredient. The synthesised carbon foam was investigated for the effects of initial concentration, time, and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) characterisation. The phenol adsorption increased as the iron content of the carbon foam and the initial concentration increased. A kinetic study showed that the phenol adsorption data adequately covered all the carbon foam samples tested using an equation corresponding to a pseudo-first order chemical reaction. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin equations were tested for modelling the adsorption isotherms at equilibrium, and it was concluded that the Temkin model fit the experimental data adequately. Due to its exceptional physical and chemical properties, carbon magnetic nanopowder is regarded as an outstanding pollutant absorber in environmental investigations. R<sup>2</sup> values derived from the pseudo-first-order model exceed 0.99. R<sup>2</sup> > 0.94 indicates that the Freundlich isotherm provides the best fit to the equilibrium data.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1272adsorptionphenolcarbon foam |
| spellingShingle | Siphesihle Praise-God Khumalo David Lokhat Chante Jasmine-Tre Anwar Huvin Reddy Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions Molecules adsorption phenol carbon foam |
| title | Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full | Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_short | Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_sort | synthesis of iron on carbon foam for use in the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions |
| topic | adsorption phenol carbon foam |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1272 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT siphesihlepraisegodkhumalo synthesisofirononcarbonfoamforuseintheremovalofphenolfromaqueoussolutions AT davidlokhat synthesisofirononcarbonfoamforuseintheremovalofphenolfromaqueoussolutions AT chantejasminetreanwar synthesisofirononcarbonfoamforuseintheremovalofphenolfromaqueoussolutions AT huvinreddy synthesisofirononcarbonfoamforuseintheremovalofphenolfromaqueoussolutions |