Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds
Abstract Background Cardiac disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Irish Wolfhounds (IWs), but its prevalence and clinical characteristics in North American IWs are incompletely described. Hypothesis/Objectives That atrial fibrillation (AF) is a diagnostic marker of echocardiogr...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-03-01
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Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15709 |
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author | William D. Tyrrell Jr. Jonathan A. Abbott Steven L. Rosenthal Mariellen Dentino Frances Abrams |
author_facet | William D. Tyrrell Jr. Jonathan A. Abbott Steven L. Rosenthal Mariellen Dentino Frances Abrams |
author_sort | William D. Tyrrell Jr. |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Background Cardiac disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Irish Wolfhounds (IWs), but its prevalence and clinical characteristics in North American IWs are incompletely described. Hypothesis/Objectives That atrial fibrillation (AF) is a diagnostic marker of echocardiographic abnormalities, and that clinical characteristics predict development of IW cardiomyopathy (IWCM). To define the prevalence of arrhythmias and echocardiographic abnormalities in North American IWs. Animals Six hundred and forty‐five adult IWs presented for screening examinations intended to identify familial cardiac disease. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, reference intervals defined based on echocardiographic data from IW classified as normal, were used to define the prevalence of structural and functional abnormalities. A logistic model was developed to identify clinical findings that predict future development of IWCM. Results The prevalence of AF was 8.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.6‐11.2) of which 55.5% had echocardiographic abnormalities. IWCM defined by left atrial enlargement, left ventricular dilatation, and systolic dysfunction had a prevalence of 1.8% (0.72‐2.8). Positive and negative likelihood ratios for AF in the identification of IWCM were, respectively, 10.8 (7.29‐16) and 0.2 (0.06‐0.69). Multivariable logistic regression identified AF (odds ratio [OR]; 10.6, 95% CI, 2.67‐42.3) and male sex (OR; 3.8, 95% CI, 1.02‐14) as predictors of future development of IWCM. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Atrial fibrillation is common in North American IW. It occurs in association with structural cardiac disease but also in its absence. Irish Wolfhounds cardiomyopathy is characterized by chamber enlargement but minimally decreased ejection phase indices of myocardial function. Atrial fibrillation is a risk factor for future development of IWCM. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:19:05Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-e13b741a66e34480a3ec6dbff9f16d89 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:19:05Z |
publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
publisher | Wiley |
record_format | Article |
series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
spelling | doaj.art-e13b741a66e34480a3ec6dbff9f16d892022-12-22T00:52:07ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762020-03-0134258159010.1111/jvim.15709Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish WolfhoundsWilliam D. Tyrrell Jr.0Jonathan A. Abbott1Steven L. Rosenthal2Mariellen Dentino3Frances Abrams4CVCA: Cardiac Care for Pets Leesburg VirginiaDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech Blacksburg VirginiaCVCA: Cardiac Care for Pets Towson MarylandIrish Wolfhound Foundation Evansville IndianaIrish Wolfhound Foundation Yellow Springs OhioAbstract Background Cardiac disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Irish Wolfhounds (IWs), but its prevalence and clinical characteristics in North American IWs are incompletely described. Hypothesis/Objectives That atrial fibrillation (AF) is a diagnostic marker of echocardiographic abnormalities, and that clinical characteristics predict development of IW cardiomyopathy (IWCM). To define the prevalence of arrhythmias and echocardiographic abnormalities in North American IWs. Animals Six hundred and forty‐five adult IWs presented for screening examinations intended to identify familial cardiac disease. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, reference intervals defined based on echocardiographic data from IW classified as normal, were used to define the prevalence of structural and functional abnormalities. A logistic model was developed to identify clinical findings that predict future development of IWCM. Results The prevalence of AF was 8.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.6‐11.2) of which 55.5% had echocardiographic abnormalities. IWCM defined by left atrial enlargement, left ventricular dilatation, and systolic dysfunction had a prevalence of 1.8% (0.72‐2.8). Positive and negative likelihood ratios for AF in the identification of IWCM were, respectively, 10.8 (7.29‐16) and 0.2 (0.06‐0.69). Multivariable logistic regression identified AF (odds ratio [OR]; 10.6, 95% CI, 2.67‐42.3) and male sex (OR; 3.8, 95% CI, 1.02‐14) as predictors of future development of IWCM. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Atrial fibrillation is common in North American IW. It occurs in association with structural cardiac disease but also in its absence. Irish Wolfhounds cardiomyopathy is characterized by chamber enlargement but minimally decreased ejection phase indices of myocardial function. Atrial fibrillation is a risk factor for future development of IWCM.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15709atrial fibrillationcaninecardiomyopathyprevalence |
spellingShingle | William D. Tyrrell Jr. Jonathan A. Abbott Steven L. Rosenthal Mariellen Dentino Frances Abrams Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine atrial fibrillation canine cardiomyopathy prevalence |
title | Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds |
title_full | Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds |
title_fullStr | Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds |
title_full_unstemmed | Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds |
title_short | Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish Wolfhounds |
title_sort | echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of north american irish wolfhounds |
topic | atrial fibrillation canine cardiomyopathy prevalence |
url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15709 |
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