The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming
As the heat exchange interface between atmosphere and permafrost, land cover regulates the influence of climate warming on permafrost. With the development of desertification on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), aeolian sand has emerged as a significant environmental factor influencing the hydrothe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1047719/full |
| _version_ | 1828324081644077056 |
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| author | Tianli Lan Qinguo Ma Qinguo Ma Huxi Xia Xiaoxiao Luo Xiaoxiao Luo |
| author_facet | Tianli Lan Qinguo Ma Qinguo Ma Huxi Xia Xiaoxiao Luo Xiaoxiao Luo |
| author_sort | Tianli Lan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As the heat exchange interface between atmosphere and permafrost, land cover regulates the influence of climate warming on permafrost. With the development of desertification on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), aeolian sand has emerged as a significant environmental factor influencing the hydrothermal process of permafrost. To reveal the hydro-thermal process within aeolian sand layer and the thermal effect of sand layer on permafrost in the QTP, a coupled hydro-thermo-vapor model considering rainfall and evaporation was established, and the long-term hydrothermal variation of stratum covered by aeolian sand were analyzed. The results show that: 1) Aeolian sand layer is conducive to alleviating permafrost degradation. The alleviation effect is related to the thickness of sand layer. 2) Water redistribution in sand layer and water accumulation in stratum are connected to thickness of sand layer. For the thin sand layer, the water content is low and remains unchanged in different years. The thick sand layer, acting as a permeability diode, makes the degree of water accumulation in sand layer considerable and the water storage of the stratum increase continuously. 3) When the sand layer becomes thicker, the increment of the equivalent thermal conductivity in cold season is larger than that in warm season, which will lead to the decrease of annual conductive heat. 4) In thin sand layer, heat convection and heat conduction are relatively small in the early stage, and heat conduction is the primary mode in the long term. In thick sand layer, heat transfer is dominated by heat convection and heat conduction in the early stage, but it is primarily reliant on heat convection in the long term. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:01:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e147780da5ef45d1852f2433a86d8665 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:01:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e147780da5ef45d1852f2433a86d86652022-12-22T02:34:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-10-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.10477191047719The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warmingTianli Lan0Qinguo Ma1Qinguo Ma2Huxi Xia3Xiaoxiao Luo4Xiaoxiao Luo5State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaAs the heat exchange interface between atmosphere and permafrost, land cover regulates the influence of climate warming on permafrost. With the development of desertification on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), aeolian sand has emerged as a significant environmental factor influencing the hydrothermal process of permafrost. To reveal the hydro-thermal process within aeolian sand layer and the thermal effect of sand layer on permafrost in the QTP, a coupled hydro-thermo-vapor model considering rainfall and evaporation was established, and the long-term hydrothermal variation of stratum covered by aeolian sand were analyzed. The results show that: 1) Aeolian sand layer is conducive to alleviating permafrost degradation. The alleviation effect is related to the thickness of sand layer. 2) Water redistribution in sand layer and water accumulation in stratum are connected to thickness of sand layer. For the thin sand layer, the water content is low and remains unchanged in different years. The thick sand layer, acting as a permeability diode, makes the degree of water accumulation in sand layer considerable and the water storage of the stratum increase continuously. 3) When the sand layer becomes thicker, the increment of the equivalent thermal conductivity in cold season is larger than that in warm season, which will lead to the decrease of annual conductive heat. 4) In thin sand layer, heat convection and heat conduction are relatively small in the early stage, and heat conduction is the primary mode in the long term. In thick sand layer, heat transfer is dominated by heat convection and heat conduction in the early stage, but it is primarily reliant on heat convection in the long term.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1047719/fullaeolian sandpermafrosthydrothermal processrainfall and evaporationclimate warmingQinghai-Tibetan plateau |
| spellingShingle | Tianli Lan Qinguo Ma Qinguo Ma Huxi Xia Xiaoxiao Luo Xiaoxiao Luo The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming Frontiers in Environmental Science aeolian sand permafrost hydrothermal process rainfall and evaporation climate warming Qinghai-Tibetan plateau |
| title | The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming |
| title_full | The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming |
| title_fullStr | The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming |
| title_full_unstemmed | The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming |
| title_short | The hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming |
| title_sort | hydrothermal process of aeolian sand and its thermal effect on permafrost in qinghai tibetan plateau considering rainfall and evaporation under climate warming |
| topic | aeolian sand permafrost hydrothermal process rainfall and evaporation climate warming Qinghai-Tibetan plateau |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1047719/full |
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