Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype
Typhoid fever is a notable disease in Hong Kong. We noticed two local cases of typhoid fever caused by <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi within a two-week period in late 2022, which had no apparent epidemiological linkage except for residing in the same region of Hong Kong. A phylogenetic study of...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| author | Xin Li Huiluo Cao Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen Yuey-Zhun Ng Ka-Kin Fung Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng Pak-Leung Ho |
| author_facet | Xin Li Huiluo Cao Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen Yuey-Zhun Ng Ka-Kin Fung Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng Pak-Leung Ho |
| author_sort | Xin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Typhoid fever is a notable disease in Hong Kong. We noticed two local cases of typhoid fever caused by <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi within a two-week period in late 2022, which had no apparent epidemiological linkage except for residing in the same region of Hong Kong. A phylogenetic study of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi isolates from Hong Kong Island from 2020 to 2022 was performed, including a whole-genome analysis, the typing of plasmids, and the analysis of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), to identify the dominant circulating strain and the spread of ARGs. A total of seven isolates, from six local cases and an imported case, were identified from positive blood cultures in two hospitals in Hong Kong. Five antibiotic-sensitive strains of genotype 3.2.2 were found, which clustered with another 30 strains originating from Southeast Asia. Whole-genome sequencing revealed clonal transmission between the two index cases. The remaining two local cases belong to genotype 2.3.4 and genotype 4.3.1.1.P1 (also known as the H58 lineage). The genotype 4.3.1.1.P1 strain has an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype (co-resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and co-trimoxazole). Although the majority of local strains belong to the non-H58 genotype 3.2.2 with a low degree of antibiotic resistance, the introduction of XDR strains with the global dissemination of the H58 lineage remains a concern. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:00:39Z |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1501b8dcf134927a7047fb91851a8702023-12-01T01:22:13ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-03-0111366710.3390/microorganisms11030667Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 GenotypeXin Li0Huiluo Cao1Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen2Yuey-Zhun Ng3Ka-Kin Fung4Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng5Pak-Leung Ho6Department of Microbiology, and Carol Yu Centre for Infection, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, and Carol Yu Centre for Infection, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, and Carol Yu Centre for Infection, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaTyphoid fever is a notable disease in Hong Kong. We noticed two local cases of typhoid fever caused by <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi within a two-week period in late 2022, which had no apparent epidemiological linkage except for residing in the same region of Hong Kong. A phylogenetic study of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi isolates from Hong Kong Island from 2020 to 2022 was performed, including a whole-genome analysis, the typing of plasmids, and the analysis of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), to identify the dominant circulating strain and the spread of ARGs. A total of seven isolates, from six local cases and an imported case, were identified from positive blood cultures in two hospitals in Hong Kong. Five antibiotic-sensitive strains of genotype 3.2.2 were found, which clustered with another 30 strains originating from Southeast Asia. Whole-genome sequencing revealed clonal transmission between the two index cases. The remaining two local cases belong to genotype 2.3.4 and genotype 4.3.1.1.P1 (also known as the H58 lineage). The genotype 4.3.1.1.P1 strain has an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype (co-resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and co-trimoxazole). Although the majority of local strains belong to the non-H58 genotype 3.2.2 with a low degree of antibiotic resistance, the introduction of XDR strains with the global dissemination of the H58 lineage remains a concern.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/3/667<i>Salmonella</i> Typhityphoid feverXDRH58Hong Kong |
| spellingShingle | Xin Li Huiluo Cao Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen Yuey-Zhun Ng Ka-Kin Fung Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng Pak-Leung Ho Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype Microorganisms <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi typhoid fever XDR H58 Hong Kong |
| title | Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype |
| title_full | Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype |
| title_fullStr | Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype |
| title_short | Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi in Hong Kong Revealing the Predominance of Genotype 3.2.2 and the First Case of an Extensively Drug-Resistant H58 Genotype |
| title_sort | genomic investigation of i salmonella i typhi in hong kong revealing the predominance of genotype 3 2 2 and the first case of an extensively drug resistant h58 genotype |
| topic | <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi typhoid fever XDR H58 Hong Kong |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/3/667 |
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