Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology
Lattice structures are a group of cellular materials composed of regular repeating unit cells. Due to their extraordinary mechanical properties, such as specific mechanical strength, ultra-low density, negative Poisson’s ratio, etc., lattice structures have been widely applied in the fields of aviat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/1/2 |
| _version_ | 1827371467912773632 |
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| author | Liu He Peiren Wang Junhui Yang Kaoyi Fan Hanqiang Zhang Luyan Zhang Mingxing Jiang Xiaoyi Chen Zhen Chen Min Chen Haiyun Liu Ji Li |
| author_facet | Liu He Peiren Wang Junhui Yang Kaoyi Fan Hanqiang Zhang Luyan Zhang Mingxing Jiang Xiaoyi Chen Zhen Chen Min Chen Haiyun Liu Ji Li |
| author_sort | Liu He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lattice structures are a group of cellular materials composed of regular repeating unit cells. Due to their extraordinary mechanical properties, such as specific mechanical strength, ultra-low density, negative Poisson’s ratio, etc., lattice structures have been widely applied in the fields of aviation and aerospace, medical devices, architecture, and automobiles. Hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM), an integrated manufacturing technology of 3D printing processes and other complementary processes, is becoming a competent candidate for conveniently delivering lattice structures with multifunctionalities, not just mechanical aspects. This work proposes a HAM technology that combines vat photopolymerization (VPP) and electroless plating process to fabricate smart metal-coated lattice structures. VPP 3D printing process is applied to create a highly precise polymer lattice structure, and thereafter electroless plating is conducted to deposit a thin layer of metal, which could be used as a resistive sensor for monitoring the mechanical loading on the structure. Ni-P layer and copper layer were successfully obtained with the resistivity of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>8.2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ω</mi><mo>⋅</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>2.0</mn><mo> </mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ω</mi><mo>⋅</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respectively. Smart lattice structures with force-loading self-sensing functionality are fabricated to prove the feasibility of this HAM technology for fabricating multifunctional polymer-metal lattice composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:40:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e151c99c10e74264a576812da8ba9b0c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:40:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e151c99c10e74264a576812da8ba9b0c2024-01-26T17:41:54ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-12-01151210.3390/mi15010002Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing TechnologyLiu He0Peiren Wang1Junhui Yang2Kaoyi Fan3Hanqiang Zhang4Luyan Zhang5Mingxing Jiang6Xiaoyi Chen7Zhen Chen8Min Chen9Haiyun Liu10Ji Li11Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaSchool of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaCollege of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, ChinaKey Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaLattice structures are a group of cellular materials composed of regular repeating unit cells. Due to their extraordinary mechanical properties, such as specific mechanical strength, ultra-low density, negative Poisson’s ratio, etc., lattice structures have been widely applied in the fields of aviation and aerospace, medical devices, architecture, and automobiles. Hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM), an integrated manufacturing technology of 3D printing processes and other complementary processes, is becoming a competent candidate for conveniently delivering lattice structures with multifunctionalities, not just mechanical aspects. This work proposes a HAM technology that combines vat photopolymerization (VPP) and electroless plating process to fabricate smart metal-coated lattice structures. VPP 3D printing process is applied to create a highly precise polymer lattice structure, and thereafter electroless plating is conducted to deposit a thin layer of metal, which could be used as a resistive sensor for monitoring the mechanical loading on the structure. Ni-P layer and copper layer were successfully obtained with the resistivity of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>8.2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ω</mi><mo>⋅</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>2.0</mn><mo> </mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ω</mi><mo>⋅</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respectively. Smart lattice structures with force-loading self-sensing functionality are fabricated to prove the feasibility of this HAM technology for fabricating multifunctional polymer-metal lattice composites.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/1/2additive manufacturingelectroless platinglattice structuresself-sensing |
| spellingShingle | Liu He Peiren Wang Junhui Yang Kaoyi Fan Hanqiang Zhang Luyan Zhang Mingxing Jiang Xiaoyi Chen Zhen Chen Min Chen Haiyun Liu Ji Li Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology Micromachines additive manufacturing electroless plating lattice structures self-sensing |
| title | Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology |
| title_full | Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology |
| title_fullStr | Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology |
| title_short | Smart Lattice Structures with Self-Sensing Functionalities via Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology |
| title_sort | smart lattice structures with self sensing functionalities via hybrid additive manufacturing technology |
| topic | additive manufacturing electroless plating lattice structures self-sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/1/2 |
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