Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring
Conventional wastewater treatment generates large amounts of organic matter–rich sludge that requires adequate treatment to avoid public health and environmental problems. The mixture of wastewater sludge and some bulking agents produces a biosolid to be composted at adequate composting facilities....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/11/1919 |
| _version_ | 1811186382029193216 |
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| author | Beatriz Temporal-Lara Ignacio Melendez-Pastor Ignacio Gómez Jose Navarro-Pedreño |
| author_facet | Beatriz Temporal-Lara Ignacio Melendez-Pastor Ignacio Gómez Jose Navarro-Pedreño |
| author_sort | Beatriz Temporal-Lara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conventional wastewater treatment generates large amounts of organic matter–rich sludge that requires adequate treatment to avoid public health and environmental problems. The mixture of wastewater sludge and some bulking agents produces a biosolid to be composted at adequate composting facilities. The composting process is chemically and microbiologically complex and requires an adequate aeration of the biosolid (e.g., with a turner machine) for proper maturation of the compost. Adequate (near) real-time monitoring of the compost maturity process is highly difficult and the operation of composting facilities is not as automatized as other industrial processes. Spectroscopic analysis of compost samples has been successfully employed for compost maturity assessment but the preparation of the solid compost samples is difficult and time-consuming. This manuscript presents a methodology based on a combination of a less time-consuming compost sample preparation and ultraviolet, visible and short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy. Spectroscopic measurements were performed with liquid compost extract instead of solid compost samples. Partial least square (PLS) models were developed to quantify chemical fractions commonly employed for compost maturity assessment. Effective regression models were obtained for total organic matter (residual predictive deviation—RPD = 2.68), humification ratio (RPD = 2.23), total exchangeable carbon (RPD = 2.07) and total organic carbon (RPD = 1.66) with a modular and cost-effective visible and near infrared (VNIR) spectroradiometer. This combination of a less time-consuming compost sample preparation with a versatile sensor system provides an easy-to-implement, efficient and cost-effective protocol for compost maturity assessment and near-real-time monitoring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:44:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e15c50e3e16f4b7e9c6061a9b58e8dfa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:44:34Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-e15c50e3e16f4b7e9c6061a9b58e8dfa2022-12-22T04:21:08ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202016-11-011611191910.3390/s16111919s16111919Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy MonitoringBeatriz Temporal-Lara0Ignacio Melendez-Pastor1Ignacio Gómez2Jose Navarro-Pedreño3Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, University Miguel Hernández of Elche (UMH), Avenida Universidad s/n Edificio Alcudia, 03202 Elche, SpainDepartment of Agrochemistry and Environment, University Miguel Hernández of Elche (UMH), Avenida Universidad s/n Edificio Alcudia, 03202 Elche, SpainDepartment of Agrochemistry and Environment, University Miguel Hernández of Elche (UMH), Avenida Universidad s/n Edificio Alcudia, 03202 Elche, SpainDepartment of Agrochemistry and Environment, University Miguel Hernández of Elche (UMH), Avenida Universidad s/n Edificio Alcudia, 03202 Elche, SpainConventional wastewater treatment generates large amounts of organic matter–rich sludge that requires adequate treatment to avoid public health and environmental problems. The mixture of wastewater sludge and some bulking agents produces a biosolid to be composted at adequate composting facilities. The composting process is chemically and microbiologically complex and requires an adequate aeration of the biosolid (e.g., with a turner machine) for proper maturation of the compost. Adequate (near) real-time monitoring of the compost maturity process is highly difficult and the operation of composting facilities is not as automatized as other industrial processes. Spectroscopic analysis of compost samples has been successfully employed for compost maturity assessment but the preparation of the solid compost samples is difficult and time-consuming. This manuscript presents a methodology based on a combination of a less time-consuming compost sample preparation and ultraviolet, visible and short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy. Spectroscopic measurements were performed with liquid compost extract instead of solid compost samples. Partial least square (PLS) models were developed to quantify chemical fractions commonly employed for compost maturity assessment. Effective regression models were obtained for total organic matter (residual predictive deviation—RPD = 2.68), humification ratio (RPD = 2.23), total exchangeable carbon (RPD = 2.07) and total organic carbon (RPD = 1.66) with a modular and cost-effective visible and near infrared (VNIR) spectroradiometer. This combination of a less time-consuming compost sample preparation with a versatile sensor system provides an easy-to-implement, efficient and cost-effective protocol for compost maturity assessment and near-real-time monitoring.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/11/1919wastewater sludgebiosolid compostspectroscopyPLS |
| spellingShingle | Beatriz Temporal-Lara Ignacio Melendez-Pastor Ignacio Gómez Jose Navarro-Pedreño Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring Sensors wastewater sludge biosolid compost spectroscopy PLS |
| title | Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring |
| title_full | Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring |
| title_fullStr | Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring |
| title_short | Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring |
| title_sort | wastewater biosolid composting optimization based on uv vnir spectroscopy monitoring |
| topic | wastewater sludge biosolid compost spectroscopy PLS |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/11/1919 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT beatriztemporallara wastewaterbiosolidcompostingoptimizationbasedonuvvnirspectroscopymonitoring AT ignaciomelendezpastor wastewaterbiosolidcompostingoptimizationbasedonuvvnirspectroscopymonitoring AT ignaciogomez wastewaterbiosolidcompostingoptimizationbasedonuvvnirspectroscopymonitoring AT josenavarropedreno wastewaterbiosolidcompostingoptimizationbasedonuvvnirspectroscopymonitoring |