Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Diverse DNA and RNA viruses utilize cytoskeletal networks to efficiently enter, replicate, and exit the host cell, while evading host immune responses. It is well established that the microtubule (MT) network is commonly hijacked by viruses to traffic to sites of replication after entry and to promo...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/5/979 |
| _version_ | 1827665930999562240 |
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| author | Dahee Seo Don B. Gammon |
| author_facet | Dahee Seo Don B. Gammon |
| author_sort | Dahee Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diverse DNA and RNA viruses utilize cytoskeletal networks to efficiently enter, replicate, and exit the host cell, while evading host immune responses. It is well established that the microtubule (MT) network is commonly hijacked by viruses to traffic to sites of replication after entry and to promote egress from the cell. However, mounting evidence suggests that the MT network is also a key regulator of host immune responses to infection. At the same time, viruses have acquired mechanisms to manipulate and/or usurp MT networks to evade these immune responses. Central to most interactions of viruses with the MT network are virally encoded microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) that bind to MTs directly or indirectly. These MAPs associate with MTs and other viral or cellular MAPs to regulate various aspects of the MT network, including MT dynamics, MT-dependent transport via motor proteins such as kinesins and dyneins, and MT-dependent regulation of innate immune responses. In this review, we examine how viral MAP interactions with the MT network facilitate viral replication and immune evasion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:37:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e161e951e15748c1a39a30e09d2b98f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:37:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-e161e951e15748c1a39a30e09d2b98f62023-11-23T13:31:15ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-05-0114597910.3390/v14050979Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated ProteinsDahee Seo0Don B. Gammon1Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USADepartment of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USADiverse DNA and RNA viruses utilize cytoskeletal networks to efficiently enter, replicate, and exit the host cell, while evading host immune responses. It is well established that the microtubule (MT) network is commonly hijacked by viruses to traffic to sites of replication after entry and to promote egress from the cell. However, mounting evidence suggests that the MT network is also a key regulator of host immune responses to infection. At the same time, viruses have acquired mechanisms to manipulate and/or usurp MT networks to evade these immune responses. Central to most interactions of viruses with the MT network are virally encoded microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) that bind to MTs directly or indirectly. These MAPs associate with MTs and other viral or cellular MAPs to regulate various aspects of the MT network, including MT dynamics, MT-dependent transport via motor proteins such as kinesins and dyneins, and MT-dependent regulation of innate immune responses. In this review, we examine how viral MAP interactions with the MT network facilitate viral replication and immune evasion.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/5/979viruscytoskeletonmicrotubuledyneinkinesinmicrotubule-associated protein |
| spellingShingle | Dahee Seo Don B. Gammon Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins Viruses virus cytoskeleton microtubule dynein kinesin microtubule-associated protein |
| title | Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins |
| title_full | Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins |
| title_fullStr | Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins |
| title_short | Manipulation of Host Microtubule Networks by Viral Microtubule-Associated Proteins |
| title_sort | manipulation of host microtubule networks by viral microtubule associated proteins |
| topic | virus cytoskeleton microtubule dynein kinesin microtubule-associated protein |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/5/979 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT daheeseo manipulationofhostmicrotubulenetworksbyviralmicrotubuleassociatedproteins AT donbgammon manipulationofhostmicrotubulenetworksbyviralmicrotubuleassociatedproteins |