Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress

Heat stress is a concern for turkeys in naturally ventilated houses. Chamber and room studies were used to assess heat stress at moderate temperatures (<25 °C) and low airspeeds on grown tom turkeys. In the chamber study, four ventilation rates × two temperatures (thermal comfort and thermal stre...

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Main Authors: Derek Uemura, Prafulla Regmi, Jesse Grimes, Lingjuan Wang-Li, Sanjay Shah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-10-01
Series:AgriEngineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/5/4/121
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author Derek Uemura
Prafulla Regmi
Jesse Grimes
Lingjuan Wang-Li
Sanjay Shah
author_facet Derek Uemura
Prafulla Regmi
Jesse Grimes
Lingjuan Wang-Li
Sanjay Shah
author_sort Derek Uemura
collection DOAJ
description Heat stress is a concern for turkeys in naturally ventilated houses. Chamber and room studies were used to assess heat stress at moderate temperatures (<25 °C) and low airspeeds on grown tom turkeys. In the chamber study, four ventilation rates × two temperatures (thermal comfort and thermal stress, 11 °C above thermal comfort) were applied to 13- to 19-week birds. Very small differences in airspeeds among the four treatments masked subcutaneous, cloacal, and infrared (IR) temperature differences at both temperatures. In the room study, four ventilation rates (0.07 m<sup>3</sup>·min<sup>−1</sup>·kg<sup>−1</sup> or 100%, 75%, 50%, and 30% or Control) were applied to 21-week toms housed at <23 °C. The Control treatment had significantly higher whole-body and head temperatures vs. the other treatments. Only 100% had higher weight gain vs. 50%; hematology was unaffected by treatment. Higher ventilation rates reduced heat stress due to lower room temperatures, not airspeed differences, which were very low. The low-cost IR camera detected a heat stress difference ≥ 0.8 °C, corresponding to wind chill of 0.8 °C due to an airspeed of 0.8 m·s<sup>−1</sup> vs. still air on the USDA broiler wind chill curve. Machine vision combined with IR thermography could alleviate real-time poultry heat stress.
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spelling doaj.art-e162d1ac447445e69327b472fdc5d9422023-12-22T13:45:48ZengMDPI AGAgriEngineering2624-74022023-10-01541971198810.3390/agriengineering5040121Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat StressDerek Uemura0Prafulla Regmi1Jesse Grimes2Lingjuan Wang-Li3Sanjay Shah4Nelson Irrigation, Dayton, WA 99328, USADepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAPrestage Department of Poultry Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USADepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USADepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USAHeat stress is a concern for turkeys in naturally ventilated houses. Chamber and room studies were used to assess heat stress at moderate temperatures (<25 °C) and low airspeeds on grown tom turkeys. In the chamber study, four ventilation rates × two temperatures (thermal comfort and thermal stress, 11 °C above thermal comfort) were applied to 13- to 19-week birds. Very small differences in airspeeds among the four treatments masked subcutaneous, cloacal, and infrared (IR) temperature differences at both temperatures. In the room study, four ventilation rates (0.07 m<sup>3</sup>·min<sup>−1</sup>·kg<sup>−1</sup> or 100%, 75%, 50%, and 30% or Control) were applied to 21-week toms housed at <23 °C. The Control treatment had significantly higher whole-body and head temperatures vs. the other treatments. Only 100% had higher weight gain vs. 50%; hematology was unaffected by treatment. Higher ventilation rates reduced heat stress due to lower room temperatures, not airspeed differences, which were very low. The low-cost IR camera detected a heat stress difference ≥ 0.8 °C, corresponding to wind chill of 0.8 °C due to an airspeed of 0.8 m·s<sup>−1</sup> vs. still air on the USDA broiler wind chill curve. Machine vision combined with IR thermography could alleviate real-time poultry heat stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/5/4/121infrared cameraventilationsubcutaneouswind chillweight gainhematocrit
spellingShingle Derek Uemura
Prafulla Regmi
Jesse Grimes
Lingjuan Wang-Li
Sanjay Shah
Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress
AgriEngineering
infrared camera
ventilation
subcutaneous
wind chill
weight gain
hematocrit
title Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress
title_full Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress
title_fullStr Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress
title_full_unstemmed Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress
title_short Low Airspeed Impacts on Tom Turkey Response to Moderate Heat Stress
title_sort low airspeed impacts on tom turkey response to moderate heat stress
topic infrared camera
ventilation
subcutaneous
wind chill
weight gain
hematocrit
url https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/5/4/121
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AT jessegrimes lowairspeedimpactsontomturkeyresponsetomoderateheatstress
AT lingjuanwangli lowairspeedimpactsontomturkeyresponsetomoderateheatstress
AT sanjayshah lowairspeedimpactsontomturkeyresponsetomoderateheatstress