Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a neglected implantation mycosis prevalent in tropical climate zones, considered an occupational disease that affects impoverished rural populations. This retrospective study described clinical aspects of CBM in a hyperendemic area in Brazil and constructed a worldwide h...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/4/204 |
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| author | Daniel Wagner C. L. Santos Vania Aparecida Vicente Vinicius Almir Weiss G. Sybren de Hoog Renata R. Gomes Edith M. M. Batista Sirlei Garcia Marques Flávio de Queiroz-Telles Arnaldo Lopes Colombo Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo |
| author_facet | Daniel Wagner C. L. Santos Vania Aparecida Vicente Vinicius Almir Weiss G. Sybren de Hoog Renata R. Gomes Edith M. M. Batista Sirlei Garcia Marques Flávio de Queiroz-Telles Arnaldo Lopes Colombo Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo |
| author_sort | Daniel Wagner C. L. Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a neglected implantation mycosis prevalent in tropical climate zones, considered an occupational disease that affects impoverished rural populations. This retrospective study described clinical aspects of CBM in a hyperendemic area in Brazil and constructed a worldwide haplotype network of <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. strains. The variables were collected from medical records using a standard report form, reporting 191 patients with CBM from Maranhão, Brazil. The mean age was 56.1 years, 168 (88%) patients were male and predominantly farmers (85.8%). The mean time of evolution of the disease until diagnosis was 9.4 years. Lower limbs (81.2%) and upper limbs (14.2%) were the main sites affected. Most patients exhibited verrucous (55%) and infiltrative plaque (48.2%). <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. were identified in 136 cases and a haplotype network constructed with ITS sequences of 185 global strains revealed a total of 59 haplotypes exhibiting high haplotypic and low nucleotide diversities. No correlation was observed between the different haplotypes of <i>Fonsecaea</i> species and dermatological patterns, severity of disease or geographic distribution inside Maranhão. Data from this area contributed to better understanding the epidemiology of CBM. For the first time, a robust haplotype network with <i>Fonsecaea</i> strains reveals an evolutionary history with a recent population expansion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:52:13Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:52:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-e16a09cf29234c439ab2e4a05591ece12023-11-20T15:58:46ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2020-10-016420410.3390/jof6040204Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype NetworkDaniel Wagner C. L. Santos0Vania Aparecida Vicente1Vinicius Almir Weiss2G. Sybren de Hoog3Renata R. Gomes4Edith M. M. Batista5Sirlei Garcia Marques6Flávio de Queiroz-Telles7Arnaldo Lopes Colombo8Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo9Special Mycology Laboratory—LEMI, Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04039-032 SP, BrazilMicrobiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980 PR, BrazilMicrobiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980 PR, BrazilMicrobiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980 PR, BrazilMicrobiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980 PR, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-040 MA, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-040 MA, BrazilMicrobiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980 PR, BrazilSpecial Mycology Laboratory—LEMI, Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04039-032 SP, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-040 MA, BrazilChromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a neglected implantation mycosis prevalent in tropical climate zones, considered an occupational disease that affects impoverished rural populations. This retrospective study described clinical aspects of CBM in a hyperendemic area in Brazil and constructed a worldwide haplotype network of <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. strains. The variables were collected from medical records using a standard report form, reporting 191 patients with CBM from Maranhão, Brazil. The mean age was 56.1 years, 168 (88%) patients were male and predominantly farmers (85.8%). The mean time of evolution of the disease until diagnosis was 9.4 years. Lower limbs (81.2%) and upper limbs (14.2%) were the main sites affected. Most patients exhibited verrucous (55%) and infiltrative plaque (48.2%). <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. were identified in 136 cases and a haplotype network constructed with ITS sequences of 185 global strains revealed a total of 59 haplotypes exhibiting high haplotypic and low nucleotide diversities. No correlation was observed between the different haplotypes of <i>Fonsecaea</i> species and dermatological patterns, severity of disease or geographic distribution inside Maranhão. Data from this area contributed to better understanding the epidemiology of CBM. For the first time, a robust haplotype network with <i>Fonsecaea</i> strains reveals an evolutionary history with a recent population expansion.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/4/204chromoblastomycosisBrazil<i>Fonsecaea</i> spp.haplotype network |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Wagner C. L. Santos Vania Aparecida Vicente Vinicius Almir Weiss G. Sybren de Hoog Renata R. Gomes Edith M. M. Batista Sirlei Garcia Marques Flávio de Queiroz-Telles Arnaldo Lopes Colombo Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network Journal of Fungi chromoblastomycosis Brazil <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. haplotype network |
| title | Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network |
| title_full | Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network |
| title_fullStr | Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network |
| title_short | Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network |
| title_sort | chromoblastomycosis in an endemic area of brazil a clinical epidemiological analysis and a worldwide haplotype network |
| topic | chromoblastomycosis Brazil <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. haplotype network |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/4/204 |
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