Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials
In this study, the suitability of biowaste and green waste composts in organic farming is presented based on quality assurance data of approximately 21,000 compost analyses from 2015 to 2020. The evaluation of compost suitability was based on both the legal regulations of the EU 2021/1165 and the re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/740 |
| _version_ | 1797614102752788480 |
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| author | Ralf Gottschall Maria Thelen-Jüngling Martin Kranert Bertram Kehres |
| author_facet | Ralf Gottschall Maria Thelen-Jüngling Martin Kranert Bertram Kehres |
| author_sort | Ralf Gottschall |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the suitability of biowaste and green waste composts in organic farming is presented based on quality assurance data of approximately 21,000 compost analyses from 2015 to 2020. The evaluation of compost suitability was based on both the legal regulations of the EU 2021/1165 and the requirements of the two largest German organic farming associations Bioland and Naturland. In 2020, 70.1% of the composts agreed with the above-mentioned regulations, 21.6% exceeded the limits for heavy metals and 7.3% exceeded the limits for foreign matter. The negative influence of the single elements regarding the suitability of composts for organic agriculture declined in the order Zn > Pb > Cd > Ni > Cu. In the bio-waste composts, the impurity content subsequently decreased by more than 50% from 2015 to 2020. In 2019 and 2020, approximately 2.5 million Mg fresh mass (FM) of the analyzed composts were suitable for organic farming. With an average compost application of 5 Mg FM per hectare (ha) and year, about 500,000 ha of arable land could have been supplied in 2020. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1725c3a02264555abad8220421bd302 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1725c3a02264555abad8220421bd3022023-11-17T09:02:51ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-03-0113374010.3390/agriculture13030740Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization PotentialsRalf Gottschall0Maria Thelen-Jüngling1Martin Kranert2Bertram Kehres3ISA-Gottschall, Ingenieurbüro für Sekundärrohstoffe, Abfall-und Kreislaufwirtschaft, Karlsbrunnenstr. 11b, 37249 Neu-Eichenberg, GermanyBGK-Bundesgütegemeinschaft Kompost e.V. (Federal Compost Association), Von-der-Wettern-Str. 25, 51149 Köln, GermanyChair of Waste Management and Emissions, Institute of Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, GermanyBGK-Bundesgütegemeinschaft Kompost e.V. (Federal Compost Association), Von-der-Wettern-Str. 25, 51149 Köln, GermanyIn this study, the suitability of biowaste and green waste composts in organic farming is presented based on quality assurance data of approximately 21,000 compost analyses from 2015 to 2020. The evaluation of compost suitability was based on both the legal regulations of the EU 2021/1165 and the requirements of the two largest German organic farming associations Bioland and Naturland. In 2020, 70.1% of the composts agreed with the above-mentioned regulations, 21.6% exceeded the limits for heavy metals and 7.3% exceeded the limits for foreign matter. The negative influence of the single elements regarding the suitability of composts for organic agriculture declined in the order Zn > Pb > Cd > Ni > Cu. In the bio-waste composts, the impurity content subsequently decreased by more than 50% from 2015 to 2020. In 2019 and 2020, approximately 2.5 million Mg fresh mass (FM) of the analyzed composts were suitable for organic farming. With an average compost application of 5 Mg FM per hectare (ha) and year, about 500,000 ha of arable land could have been supplied in 2020.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/740organic farmingcompost qualitycompost potentialscompost impuritiessuitability of compost |
| spellingShingle | Ralf Gottschall Maria Thelen-Jüngling Martin Kranert Bertram Kehres Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials Agriculture organic farming compost quality compost potentials compost impurities suitability of compost |
| title | Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials |
| title_full | Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials |
| title_fullStr | Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials |
| title_short | Suitability of Biowaste and Green Waste Composts for Organic Farming in Germany and the Resulting Utilization Potentials |
| title_sort | suitability of biowaste and green waste composts for organic farming in germany and the resulting utilization potentials |
| topic | organic farming compost quality compost potentials compost impurities suitability of compost |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/740 |
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