Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores
Due to ongoing climate change, overtopping risk is increasing. In order to have effective countermeasures, it is useful to understand overtopping processes in details. In this study overtopping flow on a dike with gentle and shallow foreshores are investigated using a non-hydrostatic wave-flow model...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/752 |
| _version_ | 1797552515415277568 |
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| author | Tomohiro Suzuki Corrado Altomare Tomohiro Yasuda Toon Verwaest |
| author_facet | Tomohiro Suzuki Corrado Altomare Tomohiro Yasuda Toon Verwaest |
| author_sort | Tomohiro Suzuki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to ongoing climate change, overtopping risk is increasing. In order to have effective countermeasures, it is useful to understand overtopping processes in details. In this study overtopping flow on a dike with gentle and shallow foreshores are investigated using a non-hydrostatic wave-flow model, SWASH (an acronym of Simulating WAves till SHore). The SWASH model in 2DV (i.e., flume like configuration) is first validated using the data of long crested wave cases with second order wave generation in the physical model test conducted. After that it is used to produce overtopping flow in different wave conditions and bathymetries. The results indicated that the overtopping risk is better characterized by the time dependent h (overtopping flow depth) and u (overtopping flow velocity) instead of h<sub>max</sub> (maximum overtopping flow depth) and u<sub>max</sub> (maximum overtopping flow velocity), which led to overestimation of the risk. The time dependent u and h are strongly influenced by the dike configuration, namely by the promenade width and the existence of a vertical wall on the promenade: the simulation shows that the vertical wall induces seaward velocity on the dike which might be an extra risk during extreme events. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:01:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e17af27050924676806ef6b51fe6178c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:01:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-e17af27050924676806ef6b51fe6178c2023-11-20T15:16:48ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122020-09-0181075210.3390/jmse8100752Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow ForeshoresTomohiro Suzuki0Corrado Altomare1Tomohiro Yasuda2Toon Verwaest3Flanders Hydraulics Research, 2140 Antwerp, BelgiumMaritime Engineering Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech (UPC), 08034 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Applied System Engineering, Kansai University; Suita, Osaka 564-8680, JapanFlanders Hydraulics Research, 2140 Antwerp, BelgiumDue to ongoing climate change, overtopping risk is increasing. In order to have effective countermeasures, it is useful to understand overtopping processes in details. In this study overtopping flow on a dike with gentle and shallow foreshores are investigated using a non-hydrostatic wave-flow model, SWASH (an acronym of Simulating WAves till SHore). The SWASH model in 2DV (i.e., flume like configuration) is first validated using the data of long crested wave cases with second order wave generation in the physical model test conducted. After that it is used to produce overtopping flow in different wave conditions and bathymetries. The results indicated that the overtopping risk is better characterized by the time dependent h (overtopping flow depth) and u (overtopping flow velocity) instead of h<sub>max</sub> (maximum overtopping flow depth) and u<sub>max</sub> (maximum overtopping flow velocity), which led to overestimation of the risk. The time dependent u and h are strongly influenced by the dike configuration, namely by the promenade width and the existence of a vertical wall on the promenade: the simulation shows that the vertical wall induces seaward velocity on the dike which might be an extra risk during extreme events.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/752wave overtoppingaverage overtopping dischargeindividual volumeovertopping flow depthovertopping flow velocitypromenade |
| spellingShingle | Tomohiro Suzuki Corrado Altomare Tomohiro Yasuda Toon Verwaest Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores Journal of Marine Science and Engineering wave overtopping average overtopping discharge individual volume overtopping flow depth overtopping flow velocity promenade |
| title | Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores |
| title_full | Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores |
| title_short | Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores |
| title_sort | characterization of overtopping waves on sea dikes with gentle and shallow foreshores |
| topic | wave overtopping average overtopping discharge individual volume overtopping flow depth overtopping flow velocity promenade |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/752 |
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