UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment
Ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) has profound effects on human skin that results in a broad spectrum of immunological local and systemic responses and is the major cause of skin carcinogenesis. One important area of study in photobiology is how UVB is translated into effector signals. As the skin is ex...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.880850/full |
| _version_ | 1818268940071075840 |
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| author | Timothy C. Frommeyer Michael M. Gilbert Garrett V. Brittain Tongfan Wu Trang Q. Nguyen Craig A. Rohan Craig A. Rohan Craig A. Rohan Jeffrey B. Travers Jeffrey B. Travers Jeffrey B. Travers |
| author_facet | Timothy C. Frommeyer Michael M. Gilbert Garrett V. Brittain Tongfan Wu Trang Q. Nguyen Craig A. Rohan Craig A. Rohan Craig A. Rohan Jeffrey B. Travers Jeffrey B. Travers Jeffrey B. Travers |
| author_sort | Timothy C. Frommeyer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) has profound effects on human skin that results in a broad spectrum of immunological local and systemic responses and is the major cause of skin carcinogenesis. One important area of study in photobiology is how UVB is translated into effector signals. As the skin is exposed to UVB light, subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP), a subtype of bioactive extracellular vesicles, are released causing a variety of local and systemic immunological effects. In this review, we highlight keratinocyte MVP release in keratinocytes in response to UVB. Specifically, Platelet-activating factor receptor agonists generated by UVB result in MVP released from keratinocytes. The downstream effects of MVP release include the ability of these subcellular particles to transport agents including the glycerophosphocholine-derived lipid mediator Platelet-activating factor (PAF). Moreover, even though UVB is only absorbed in the epidermis, it appears that PAF release from MVPs also mediates systemic immunosuppression and enhances tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor cells expressing PAF receptors can use this mechanism to evade chemotherapy responses, leading to treatment resistance for advanced cancers such as melanoma. Furthermore, novel pharmacological agents provide greater insight into the UVB-induced immune response pathway and a potential target for pharmacological intervention. This review outlines the need to more clearly elucidate the mechanism linking UVB-irradiation with the cutaneous immune response and its pathological manifestations. An improved understanding of this process can result in new insights and treatment strategies for UVB-related disorders from carcinogenesis to photosensitivity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:46:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e17f317b5c8349bc814e2522392de584 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:46:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e17f317b5c8349bc814e2522392de5842022-12-22T00:12:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-05-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.880850880850UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous MicroenvironmentTimothy C. Frommeyer0Michael M. Gilbert1Garrett V. Brittain2Tongfan Wu3Trang Q. Nguyen4Craig A. Rohan5Craig A. Rohan6Craig A. Rohan7Jeffrey B. Travers8Jeffrey B. Travers9Jeffrey B. Travers10Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Medicine, Dayton Veterans Administration Medical Center, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United StatesDepartment of Medicine, Dayton Veterans Administration Medical Center, Dayton, OH, United StatesUltraviolet B radiation (UVB) has profound effects on human skin that results in a broad spectrum of immunological local and systemic responses and is the major cause of skin carcinogenesis. One important area of study in photobiology is how UVB is translated into effector signals. As the skin is exposed to UVB light, subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP), a subtype of bioactive extracellular vesicles, are released causing a variety of local and systemic immunological effects. In this review, we highlight keratinocyte MVP release in keratinocytes in response to UVB. Specifically, Platelet-activating factor receptor agonists generated by UVB result in MVP released from keratinocytes. The downstream effects of MVP release include the ability of these subcellular particles to transport agents including the glycerophosphocholine-derived lipid mediator Platelet-activating factor (PAF). Moreover, even though UVB is only absorbed in the epidermis, it appears that PAF release from MVPs also mediates systemic immunosuppression and enhances tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor cells expressing PAF receptors can use this mechanism to evade chemotherapy responses, leading to treatment resistance for advanced cancers such as melanoma. Furthermore, novel pharmacological agents provide greater insight into the UVB-induced immune response pathway and a potential target for pharmacological intervention. This review outlines the need to more clearly elucidate the mechanism linking UVB-irradiation with the cutaneous immune response and its pathological manifestations. An improved understanding of this process can result in new insights and treatment strategies for UVB-related disorders from carcinogenesis to photosensitivity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.880850/fullmicrovesicle particlesplatelet-activating factorultraviolet lightUVBplatelet-activating factor receptorimmunosuppression |
| spellingShingle | Timothy C. Frommeyer Michael M. Gilbert Garrett V. Brittain Tongfan Wu Trang Q. Nguyen Craig A. Rohan Craig A. Rohan Craig A. Rohan Jeffrey B. Travers Jeffrey B. Travers Jeffrey B. Travers UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment Frontiers in Immunology microvesicle particles platelet-activating factor ultraviolet light UVB platelet-activating factor receptor immunosuppression |
| title | UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment |
| title_full | UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment |
| title_fullStr | UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment |
| title_full_unstemmed | UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment |
| title_short | UVB-Induced Microvesicle Particle Release and Its Effects on the Cutaneous Microenvironment |
| title_sort | uvb induced microvesicle particle release and its effects on the cutaneous microenvironment |
| topic | microvesicle particles platelet-activating factor ultraviolet light UVB platelet-activating factor receptor immunosuppression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.880850/full |
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