Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids
Abstract Background Rye intake has been associated with beneficial effects on health in human interventions, possibly due to dietary fiber in rye. In dogs, few studies have explored the effects on health of dietary fiber in general, and rye fiber in particular. The aim of this study was to investiga...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03623-2 |
| _version_ | 1797827474841665536 |
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| author | Hanna Palmqvist Sara Ringmark Katja Höglund Erik Pelve Torbjörn Lundh Johan Dicksved |
| author_facet | Hanna Palmqvist Sara Ringmark Katja Höglund Erik Pelve Torbjörn Lundh Johan Dicksved |
| author_sort | Hanna Palmqvist |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Rye intake has been associated with beneficial effects on health in human interventions, possibly due to dietary fiber in rye. In dogs, few studies have explored the effects on health of dietary fiber in general, and rye fiber in particular. The aim of this study was to investigate how inclusion of rye, compared with wheat, influenced fecal microbiota composition, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) in dogs. Six male Beagle dogs (mean age 4.6 years, SEM 0.95 years; mean body weight 14.6 kg, SEM 0.32 kg) were fed three experimental diets, each for 21 days, including an adaptation period of six days and with 2–2.5 months between diet periods. The diets were similar regarding energy and protein, but had different carbohydrate sources (refined wheat (W), whole grain rye (R), or an equal mixture of both (RW)) comprising 50% of total weight on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets were baked and titanium dioxide was added for ATTD determination. Fecal samples were collected before and in the end of each experimental period. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons and fecal SCFA by high-performance liquid chromatography. Crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, and gross energy (GE) in food and feces were analyzed and ATTD of each was determined. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were applied in data evaluation. Results Faecal microbiota composition, differed depending on diet (P = 0.002), with samples collected after consumption of the R diet differing from baseline. This was primarily because of a shift in proportion of Prevotella, which increased significantly after consumption of the R diet (P < 0.001). No significant differences were found for SCFA, but there was a tendency (P < 0.06) for higher molar proportions of acetic acid following consumption of the R diet. The ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, and GE was lower after consumption of the R diet compared with the other diets (P < 0.05). Conclusions Consumption of the R diet, but not RW or W diets, was associated with specific shifts in microbial community composition and function, but also with lower ATTD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:49:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e18720c8fa2f4734a1bd8facb94cf592 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:49:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-e18720c8fa2f4734a1bd8facb94cf5922023-05-14T11:19:54ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482023-05-0119111310.1186/s12917-023-03623-2Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acidsHanna Palmqvist0Sara Ringmark1Katja Höglund2Erik Pelve3Torbjörn Lundh4Johan Dicksved5Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAbstract Background Rye intake has been associated with beneficial effects on health in human interventions, possibly due to dietary fiber in rye. In dogs, few studies have explored the effects on health of dietary fiber in general, and rye fiber in particular. The aim of this study was to investigate how inclusion of rye, compared with wheat, influenced fecal microbiota composition, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) in dogs. Six male Beagle dogs (mean age 4.6 years, SEM 0.95 years; mean body weight 14.6 kg, SEM 0.32 kg) were fed three experimental diets, each for 21 days, including an adaptation period of six days and with 2–2.5 months between diet periods. The diets were similar regarding energy and protein, but had different carbohydrate sources (refined wheat (W), whole grain rye (R), or an equal mixture of both (RW)) comprising 50% of total weight on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets were baked and titanium dioxide was added for ATTD determination. Fecal samples were collected before and in the end of each experimental period. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons and fecal SCFA by high-performance liquid chromatography. Crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, and gross energy (GE) in food and feces were analyzed and ATTD of each was determined. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were applied in data evaluation. Results Faecal microbiota composition, differed depending on diet (P = 0.002), with samples collected after consumption of the R diet differing from baseline. This was primarily because of a shift in proportion of Prevotella, which increased significantly after consumption of the R diet (P < 0.001). No significant differences were found for SCFA, but there was a tendency (P < 0.06) for higher molar proportions of acetic acid following consumption of the R diet. The ATTD of crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, and GE was lower after consumption of the R diet compared with the other diets (P < 0.05). Conclusions Consumption of the R diet, but not RW or W diets, was associated with specific shifts in microbial community composition and function, but also with lower ATTD.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03623-2ArabinoxylanCanineDietFiberPrevotella |
| spellingShingle | Hanna Palmqvist Sara Ringmark Katja Höglund Erik Pelve Torbjörn Lundh Johan Dicksved Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids BMC Veterinary Research Arabinoxylan Canine Diet Fiber Prevotella |
| title | Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids |
| title_full | Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids |
| title_fullStr | Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids |
| title_short | Effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids |
| title_sort | effects of rye inclusion in dog food on fecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids |
| topic | Arabinoxylan Canine Diet Fiber Prevotella |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03623-2 |
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