Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes
We study the flow of gas in a barred-galaxy model, in which a considerable part of the underlying stable periodic orbits have loops where, close to the ends of the bar, several orbital families coexist and chaos dominates. Such conditions are typically encountered in a zone between the 4:1 resonance...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Universe |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/5/290 |
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| author | Stavros Pastras Panos A. Patsis E. Athanassoula |
| author_facet | Stavros Pastras Panos A. Patsis E. Athanassoula |
| author_sort | Stavros Pastras |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We study the flow of gas in a barred-galaxy model, in which a considerable part of the underlying stable periodic orbits have loops where, close to the ends of the bar, several orbital families coexist and chaos dominates. Such conditions are typically encountered in a zone between the 4:1 resonance and corotation. The purpose of our study is to understand the gaseous flow in the aforementioned environment and trace the morphology of the shocks that form. We use two conceptually different hydrodynamic schemes for our calculations, namely, the mesh-free Lagrangian SPH method and the adaptive mesh refinement code RAMSES. This allows us to compare responses by means of the two algorithms. We find that the big loops of the orbits, mainly belonging to the x1 stable periodic orbits, do not help the shock loci to approach corotation. They deviate away from the regions occupied by the loops, bypass them and form extensions at an angle with the straight-line shocks. Roughly at the distance from the center at which we start to observe the big loops, we find characteristic “tails” of dense gas streaming towards the straight-line shocks. The two codes give complementary information for understanding the hydrodynamics of the models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:40:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e191750cc06a4cdbad65cf76d0b59909 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:40:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj.art-e191750cc06a4cdbad65cf76d0b599092023-11-23T13:24:35ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972022-05-018529010.3390/universe8050290Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two HydrocodesStavros Pastras0Panos A. Patsis1E. Athanassoula2Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics, Academy of Athens, RCAAM, Soranou Efessiou 4, 11527 Athens, GreeceResearch Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics, Academy of Athens, RCAAM, Soranou Efessiou 4, 11527 Athens, GreeceAix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceWe study the flow of gas in a barred-galaxy model, in which a considerable part of the underlying stable periodic orbits have loops where, close to the ends of the bar, several orbital families coexist and chaos dominates. Such conditions are typically encountered in a zone between the 4:1 resonance and corotation. The purpose of our study is to understand the gaseous flow in the aforementioned environment and trace the morphology of the shocks that form. We use two conceptually different hydrodynamic schemes for our calculations, namely, the mesh-free Lagrangian SPH method and the adaptive mesh refinement code RAMSES. This allows us to compare responses by means of the two algorithms. We find that the big loops of the orbits, mainly belonging to the x1 stable periodic orbits, do not help the shock loci to approach corotation. They deviate away from the regions occupied by the loops, bypass them and form extensions at an angle with the straight-line shocks. Roughly at the distance from the center at which we start to observe the big loops, we find characteristic “tails” of dense gas streaming towards the straight-line shocks. The two codes give complementary information for understanding the hydrodynamics of the models.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/5/290galaxies: kinematics and dynamicsbarredstructure |
| spellingShingle | Stavros Pastras Panos A. Patsis E. Athanassoula Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes Universe galaxies: kinematics and dynamics barred structure |
| title | Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes |
| title_full | Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes |
| title_fullStr | Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes |
| title_short | Gasflows in Barred Galaxies with Big Orbital Loops—A Comparative Study of Two Hydrocodes |
| title_sort | gasflows in barred galaxies with big orbital loops a comparative study of two hydrocodes |
| topic | galaxies: kinematics and dynamics barred structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/5/290 |
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