The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions
The idea that the nervous system communicates with the immune system to regulate physiological and pathological processes is not new. However, there is still much to learn about how these interactions occur under different conditions. The carotid body (CB) is a sensory organ located in the neck, cla...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033774/full |
| _version_ | 1811329419709513728 |
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| author | Pedro L. Katayama Isabela P. Leirão Alexandre Kanashiro José V. Menani Daniel B. Zoccal Débora S. A. Colombari Eduardo Colombari |
| author_facet | Pedro L. Katayama Isabela P. Leirão Alexandre Kanashiro José V. Menani Daniel B. Zoccal Débora S. A. Colombari Eduardo Colombari |
| author_sort | Pedro L. Katayama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The idea that the nervous system communicates with the immune system to regulate physiological and pathological processes is not new. However, there is still much to learn about how these interactions occur under different conditions. The carotid body (CB) is a sensory organ located in the neck, classically known as the primary sensor of the oxygen (O2) levels in the organism of mammals. When the partial pressure of O2 in the arterial blood falls, the CB alerts the brain which coordinates cardiorespiratory responses to ensure adequate O2 supply to all tissues and organs in the body. A growing body of evidence, however, has demonstrated that the CB is much more than an O2 sensor. Actually, the CB is a multimodal sensor with the extraordinary ability to detect a wide diversity of circulating molecules in the arterial blood, including inflammatory mediators. In this review, we introduce the literature supporting the role of the CB as a critical component of neuroimmune interactions. Based on ours and other studies, we propose a novel neuroimmune pathway in which the CB acts as a sensor of circulating inflammatory mediators and, in conditions of systemic inflammation, recruits a sympathetic-mediated counteracting mechanism that appears to be a protective response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:43:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1ab8e9bab6e496da000b283469b2102 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:43:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1ab8e9bab6e496da000b283469b21022022-12-22T02:41:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-10-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.10337741033774The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactionsPedro L. Katayama0Isabela P. Leirão1Alexandre Kanashiro2José V. Menani3Daniel B. Zoccal4Débora S. A. Colombari5Eduardo Colombari6Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilThe idea that the nervous system communicates with the immune system to regulate physiological and pathological processes is not new. However, there is still much to learn about how these interactions occur under different conditions. The carotid body (CB) is a sensory organ located in the neck, classically known as the primary sensor of the oxygen (O2) levels in the organism of mammals. When the partial pressure of O2 in the arterial blood falls, the CB alerts the brain which coordinates cardiorespiratory responses to ensure adequate O2 supply to all tissues and organs in the body. A growing body of evidence, however, has demonstrated that the CB is much more than an O2 sensor. Actually, the CB is a multimodal sensor with the extraordinary ability to detect a wide diversity of circulating molecules in the arterial blood, including inflammatory mediators. In this review, we introduce the literature supporting the role of the CB as a critical component of neuroimmune interactions. Based on ours and other studies, we propose a novel neuroimmune pathway in which the CB acts as a sensor of circulating inflammatory mediators and, in conditions of systemic inflammation, recruits a sympathetic-mediated counteracting mechanism that appears to be a protective response.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033774/fullCarotid bodyinflammationsympathetic nervous systemneuroimmunomodulationneuroimmune interactions |
| spellingShingle | Pedro L. Katayama Isabela P. Leirão Alexandre Kanashiro José V. Menani Daniel B. Zoccal Débora S. A. Colombari Eduardo Colombari The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions Frontiers in Immunology Carotid body inflammation sympathetic nervous system neuroimmunomodulation neuroimmune interactions |
| title | The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions |
| title_full | The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions |
| title_fullStr | The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions |
| title_short | The carotid body: A novel key player in neuroimmune interactions |
| title_sort | carotid body a novel key player in neuroimmune interactions |
| topic | Carotid body inflammation sympathetic nervous system neuroimmunomodulation neuroimmune interactions |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033774/full |
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