Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure
A morphological trait can have multiple functions shaped by varying selective forces. Bare parts in birds, such as wattles, casques and combs, are known to function in both signalling and thermoregulation. Studies have demonstrated such structures are targets of sexual selection via female choice in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Royal Society
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Royal Society Open Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231695 |
| _version_ | 1797348456513142784 |
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| author | Min Zhao Sarah M. Kurtis Ellen A. Humbel Emily V. Griffith Tong Liu Edward L. Braun Richard Buchholz Rebecca T. Kimball |
| author_facet | Min Zhao Sarah M. Kurtis Ellen A. Humbel Emily V. Griffith Tong Liu Edward L. Braun Richard Buchholz Rebecca T. Kimball |
| author_sort | Min Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A morphological trait can have multiple functions shaped by varying selective forces. Bare parts in birds, such as wattles, casques and combs, are known to function in both signalling and thermoregulation. Studies have demonstrated such structures are targets of sexual selection via female choice in several species of Galliformes (junglefowl, turkeys and grouse), though other studies have shown some role in thermoregulation (guineafowl). Here, we tested fundamental hypotheses regarding the evolution and maintenance of bare parts in Galliformes. Using a phylogeny that included nearly 90% of species in the order, we evaluated the role of both sexual and natural selection in shaping the function of bare parts across different clades. We found a combination of both environmental and putative sexually selected traits strongly predicted the variation of bare parts for both males and females across Galliformes. When the analysis is restricted to the largest family, Phasianidae (pheasants, junglefowl and allies), sexually selected traits were the primary predictors of bare parts. Our results suggest that bare parts are important for both thermoregulation and sexual signalling across Galliformes but are primarily under strong sexual selection within the Phasianidae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:05:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1acf3c298154596a7e34a46d4878286 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2054-5703 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:05:12Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | The Royal Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Royal Society Open Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1acf3c298154596a7e34a46d48782862024-01-23T09:04:15ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032024-01-0111110.1098/rsos.231695Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structureMin Zhao0Sarah M. Kurtis1Ellen A. Humbel2Emily V. Griffith3Tong Liu4Edward L. Braun5Richard Buchholz6Rebecca T. Kimball7Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Biodiversity, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USACollege of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USADepartment of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAA morphological trait can have multiple functions shaped by varying selective forces. Bare parts in birds, such as wattles, casques and combs, are known to function in both signalling and thermoregulation. Studies have demonstrated such structures are targets of sexual selection via female choice in several species of Galliformes (junglefowl, turkeys and grouse), though other studies have shown some role in thermoregulation (guineafowl). Here, we tested fundamental hypotheses regarding the evolution and maintenance of bare parts in Galliformes. Using a phylogeny that included nearly 90% of species in the order, we evaluated the role of both sexual and natural selection in shaping the function of bare parts across different clades. We found a combination of both environmental and putative sexually selected traits strongly predicted the variation of bare parts for both males and females across Galliformes. When the analysis is restricted to the largest family, Phasianidae (pheasants, junglefowl and allies), sexually selected traits were the primary predictors of bare parts. Our results suggest that bare parts are important for both thermoregulation and sexual signalling across Galliformes but are primarily under strong sexual selection within the Phasianidae.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231695landfowlfleshy structuresexual selectionnatural selectionphylogenetic comparative analysis |
| spellingShingle | Min Zhao Sarah M. Kurtis Ellen A. Humbel Emily V. Griffith Tong Liu Edward L. Braun Richard Buchholz Rebecca T. Kimball Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure Royal Society Open Science landfowl fleshy structure sexual selection natural selection phylogenetic comparative analysis |
| title | Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure |
| title_full | Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure |
| title_fullStr | Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure |
| title_short | Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure |
| title_sort | bare parts in the galliformes the evolution of a multifunctional structure |
| topic | landfowl fleshy structure sexual selection natural selection phylogenetic comparative analysis |
| url | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231695 |
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