Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats
Increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with metabolic dysfunction, while subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is considered protective. The mechanisms underlying these differences are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate molecular differences in VAT and SAT of male Wista...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Adipocyte |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21623945.2021.1886697 |
| _version_ | 1818966952722300928 |
|---|---|
| author | Amsha Viraragavan Tarryn Willmer Oelfah Patel Albertus Basson Rabia Johnson Carmen Pheiffer |
| author_facet | Amsha Viraragavan Tarryn Willmer Oelfah Patel Albertus Basson Rabia Johnson Carmen Pheiffer |
| author_sort | Amsha Viraragavan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with metabolic dysfunction, while subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is considered protective. The mechanisms underlying these differences are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate molecular differences in VAT and SAT of male Wistar rats fed a cafeteria diet (CD) or a standard rodent diet (STD) for three months. The expression of fatty acid metabolism genes was analysed by quantitative real-time PCR. Global and gene-specific DNA methylation was quantified using the Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit and pyrosequencing, respectively. Bodyweight, retroperitoneal fat mass, insulin resistance, leptin and triglyceride concentrations and adipocyte hypertrophy were higher in CD- compared to STD-fed rats. The expression of solute carrier family 27 member 3 (Slc27a3), a fatty acid transporter, was 9.6-fold higher in VAT and 6.3-fold lower in SAT of CD- versus STD-fed rats. Taqman probes confirmed increased Slc27a3 expression, while pyrosequencing showed Slc27a3 hypomethylation in VAT of CD- compared to STD-fed rats. The CD decreased global methylation in both VAT and SAT, although no depot differences were observed. Dysregulated fatty acid influx in VAT, in response to a CD, provides insight into the mechanisms underlying depot-differences in adipose tissue expansion during obesity and metabolic disease. Abbreviations: CD: cafeteria diet; E2F1: E2F Transcription Factor 1; EMSA: electrophoretic mobility shift assay; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; GCF: GC-Rich Sequence DNA-Binding Factor; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model for insulin resistance; NKX2-1: NK2 homeobox 1; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time PCR; RF: retroperitoneal fat; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; Slc27a3: solute carrier family 27 member 3; STD: standard diet; TNFα: tumour necrosis factor alpha; TTS: transcriptional start site; T2D: Type 2 Diabetes; VAT: visceral adipose tissue; WT1 I: Wilms’ tumour protein 1 |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:41:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1b01e42f27d4c9c8b82b1e34cc220a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2162-3945 2162-397X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:41:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Adipocyte |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1b01e42f27d4c9c8b82b1e34cc220a52022-12-21T19:38:49ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAdipocyte2162-39452162-397X2021-01-0110110811810.1080/21623945.2021.18866971886697Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar ratsAmsha Viraragavan0Tarryn Willmer1Oelfah Patel2Albertus Basson3Rabia Johnson4Carmen Pheiffer5South African Medical Research CouncilSouth African Medical Research CouncilSouth African Medical Research CouncilUniversity of ZululandSouth African Medical Research CouncilSouth African Medical Research CouncilIncreased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with metabolic dysfunction, while subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is considered protective. The mechanisms underlying these differences are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate molecular differences in VAT and SAT of male Wistar rats fed a cafeteria diet (CD) or a standard rodent diet (STD) for three months. The expression of fatty acid metabolism genes was analysed by quantitative real-time PCR. Global and gene-specific DNA methylation was quantified using the Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit and pyrosequencing, respectively. Bodyweight, retroperitoneal fat mass, insulin resistance, leptin and triglyceride concentrations and adipocyte hypertrophy were higher in CD- compared to STD-fed rats. The expression of solute carrier family 27 member 3 (Slc27a3), a fatty acid transporter, was 9.6-fold higher in VAT and 6.3-fold lower in SAT of CD- versus STD-fed rats. Taqman probes confirmed increased Slc27a3 expression, while pyrosequencing showed Slc27a3 hypomethylation in VAT of CD- compared to STD-fed rats. The CD decreased global methylation in both VAT and SAT, although no depot differences were observed. Dysregulated fatty acid influx in VAT, in response to a CD, provides insight into the mechanisms underlying depot-differences in adipose tissue expansion during obesity and metabolic disease. Abbreviations: CD: cafeteria diet; E2F1: E2F Transcription Factor 1; EMSA: electrophoretic mobility shift assay; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; GCF: GC-Rich Sequence DNA-Binding Factor; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model for insulin resistance; NKX2-1: NK2 homeobox 1; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time PCR; RF: retroperitoneal fat; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; Slc27a3: solute carrier family 27 member 3; STD: standard diet; TNFα: tumour necrosis factor alpha; TTS: transcriptional start site; T2D: Type 2 Diabetes; VAT: visceral adipose tissue; WT1 I: Wilms’ tumour protein 1http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21623945.2021.1886697obesityinsulin resistanceslc27a3dna methylationadipose tissuevisceralsubcutaneous |
| spellingShingle | Amsha Viraragavan Tarryn Willmer Oelfah Patel Albertus Basson Rabia Johnson Carmen Pheiffer Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats Adipocyte obesity insulin resistance slc27a3 dna methylation adipose tissue visceral subcutaneous |
| title | Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats |
| title_full | Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats |
| title_fullStr | Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats |
| title_short | Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats |
| title_sort | cafeteria diet induces global and slc27a3 specific hypomethylation in male wistar rats |
| topic | obesity insulin resistance slc27a3 dna methylation adipose tissue visceral subcutaneous |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21623945.2021.1886697 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amshaviraragavan cafeteriadietinducesglobalandslc27a3specifichypomethylationinmalewistarrats AT tarrynwillmer cafeteriadietinducesglobalandslc27a3specifichypomethylationinmalewistarrats AT oelfahpatel cafeteriadietinducesglobalandslc27a3specifichypomethylationinmalewistarrats AT albertusbasson cafeteriadietinducesglobalandslc27a3specifichypomethylationinmalewistarrats AT rabiajohnson cafeteriadietinducesglobalandslc27a3specifichypomethylationinmalewistarrats AT carmenpheiffer cafeteriadietinducesglobalandslc27a3specifichypomethylationinmalewistarrats |